Sepsis

Cholesterol (from animal) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (from animal) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (from animal) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

L-Arginine ((S)-(+)-Arginine) is the substrate for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to generate NO. L-Arginine is transported into vascular smooth muscle cells by the cationic amino acid transporter family of proteins where it is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO), polyamines, or L-proline. L-Arginine is a potent vasodilator, and can be used to induce experimental acute pancreatitis.

Phen-DC3 is a bisquinolinium G-quadruplex (G4) ligand. Phen-DC3 selectively binds to and stabilizes the hybrid quadruplex-duplex hybrid (QDH) derived from the PIM1 promoter. Phen-DC3 also binds to the c-myc promoter Pu24T G4 via extensive π-stacking, and induces polymerase stalling at α-synuclein DNA and RNA G4 sequences. Phen-DC3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate (HY-15594A) downregulates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced TNFRSF21, RIPK3 and p-MLKL in VECs, and ameliorates CLP-induced pulmonary vascular leakage in septic rats. Phen-DC3 can be used in studies related to neurodegenerative diseases and sepsis-associated vascular injury.

Phen-DC3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate is a bisquinolinium G-quadruplex (G4) ligand. Phen-DC3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate selectively binds to and stabilizes the hybrid quadruplex-duplex hybrid (QDH) derived from the PIM1 promoter. Phen-DC3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate also binds to the c-myc promoter Pu24T G4 via extensive π-stacking, and induces polymerase stalling at α-synuclein DNA and RNA G4 sequences. Phen-DC3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate downregulates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced TNFRSF21, RIPK3 and p-MLKL in VECs, and ameliorates CLP-induced pulmonary vascular leakage in septic rats. Phen-DC3 Trifluoromethanesulfonate can be used in studies related to neurodegenerative diseases and sepsis-associated vascular injury.

Anti-Mouse TIGIT Antibody (1G9) is a mouse-derived agonistic TIGIT IgG1 κ type antibody. Anti-Mouse TIGIT Antibody (1G9) blocks CD155 binding to TIGIT. Anti-Mouse TIGIT Antibody (1G9) shows potent anti-infection and anti-immune effects in septic and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) is an anti-mouse CD47/IAP IgG2a monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can effectively block CD47 signaling and enhance macrophage phagocytic function. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can increase the infiltration of immune cells. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) restores the phagocytic function of myeloid cells and alleviate B cell inhibition. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) may interfere with wound healing. Anti-Mouse CD47/IAP Antibody (MIAP301) can be used for researches on cancer, inflammation and infection conditions such as melanoma, intestinal mucosal repair and sepsis.

HPA-IN-3 (compound 5) is a heparanase (HPA) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 11.27 μM against human targets. HPA-IN-3 binds to the active site of HPA, and its structural features enhance binding stability and affinity. HPA-IN-3 reduces the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. HPA-IN-3 maintains organ morphology. HPA-IN-3 improves the survival rate of mice with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. HPA-IN-3 can be used in studies related to sepsis.

FXIIa-IN-6 is a potent, selective, and irreversible covalent inhibitor of Factor XIIa (FXIIa) with an IC₅₀ of 2 nM. FXIIa-IN-6 exhibits ≥2,500-fold selectivity over related serine proteases. FXIIa-IN-6 exhibits favorable anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities and can be used in sepsis research.

Cholesterol (from plant) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (from plant) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (from plant) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

Rolitetracycline is a highly soluble, broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from tetracycline. Rolitetracycline binds to and stabilizes bovine serum albumin, and also inhibits HIV-1 integrase, blocks Aβ fibril formation and suppresses dengue virus proliferation. Rolitetracycline mediates the inhibition of Aβ fibrils via a specific three-dimensional pharmacophore conformation, and exerts bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities. Rolitetracycline acts synergistically with Penicillin G (HY-N7139) or Cephalothin (HY-B1275A) to alter the effects on microbial growth. Rolitetracycline serves as an important tool compound for the study of bacterial infections (urinary tract infections, sepsis), HIV-1 and dengue virus infections, as well as Alzheimer's disease.

Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, Bacillus cereus is a sphingomyelin hydrolase and Insecticide. Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, Bacillus cereus catalyzes the decomposition of sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphorylcholine. Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, Bacillus cereus causes rapid paralysis and death in injected insects, including German cockroaches and black cutworms. Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, Bacillus cereus reduces H₂O₂ production. Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, Bacillus cereus can be used in studies related to sepsis and endophthalmitis.

DPM-1003 is a modulator of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). DPM-1003 binds to the non-catalytic disordered C-terminal fragment of PTP1B. DPM-1003 inhibits the PI3Kγ-mediated AKT/mTOR signaling pathway downstream of CXCR4. DPM-1003 improves the survival rate of mice in a transfusion-related acute lung injury model, and exerts a lung injury protective effect in preclinical mouse models of acute lung injury and sepsis. DPM-1003 can be used in research related to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, transfusion-related acute lung injury and sepsis.

Cholesterol (synthetic) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (synthetic) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (synthetic) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

TSI-13-48 (HY-182409) is a TLR inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 3.02, 22.3, 26.5, and 26.6 μM against TLR9, TLR7, TLR2, and TLR4, respectively. TSI-13-48 can be used in research related to systemic lupus erythematosus, polymicrobial sepsis, and cerebral malaria.

DT-5461 is an IL-1 and TNF-α antagonist. DT-5461 competitively binds lipid A-binding sites on macrophage receptors, blocks LPS (HY-D1056)-initiated signaling, inhibits LPS-induced cytokine release, prevents LPS-induced serum cytokine production in mice, and protects against LPS-induced lethal endotoxemia. DT-5461 can be used for the research of lethal endotoxemia, medullary tubular mammary carcinoma, poorly differentiated colon adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell lung carcinoma, and gelatinous gastric adenocarcinoma.

Lb54 is a caspase-3 and caspase-7 activator with an EC₅₀ of 660.9 nM for human procaspase-3. Lb54 activates caspase-3/7, which cleaves Gasdermin D (GSDMD) at aspartic acid residue 87 to generate a p10 fragment, preventing formation of the pore-forming p30 fragment of GSDMD. Lb54 suppresses GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis through caspase-3/7 activation, thereby attenuating inflammatory responses and conferring protection against sepsis. Lb54 alleviates acute lung injury, and inhibited systemic inflammation by restraining the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Lb54 can be used for the research of sepsis.

LC-MI-3 is an orally active IRAK4 degrader with an IC₅₀ of 57.2 nM and high selectivity among human protein kinases.LC-MI-3 eliminates IRAK4 kinase and scaffolding functions via the cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase and ubiquitin-proteasome systems.LC-MI-3 inhibits downstream nuclear factor-κB and IRAK4-mediated inflammatory signaling pathways.LC-MI-3 exerts anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-, Escherichia coli-, TLR4-, and TLR7-induced inflammatory models.LC-MI-3 can be used for the research of acute lung injury, sepsis, psoriasis, and inflammatory diseases.

D-Captopril is a NDM-1 inhibitor and a competitive BlaB inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ value of 21.8 µM against NDM-1 and a K_i of 70-100 µM against BlaB. D-Captopril synergistically reduces the minimum inhibitory concentration of Meropenem (HY-13678) against NDM-1-expressing bacteria. D-Captopril binds to BcII via its thiolate sulfur atom and carboxylate group, altering metal ion occupancy and modulating Cd²⁺ binding affinity. D-Captopril can be used in the research of neonatal meningitis, sepsis and bacterial infections.

Lipid X is a 2,3-diacylglucosamine-1-phosphate that serves as the monosaccharide precursor of lipid A, possessing both LPS antagonist and weak agonist activities. Lipid X exerts protective effects by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor production, monocyte procoagulant activity, and neutrophil priming. Lipid X may induce transient pulmonary hypertension, neutropenia, and mild pyrogenic effects in laboratory animals. Lipid X has low toxicity and no in vitro antibacterial activity, but it significantly reduces mortality following Gram-negative bacterial infection and endotoxin exposure. Lipid X tends to accumulate in liver tissue, binds to circulating cellular components, and can be converted to lipid Y through transesterification. Lipid X can be used in research on Gram-negative bacterial sepsis, endotoxemia, and associated pulmonary hypertension.