MMP-3

MMP-3 (stromelysin-1) is a broadly reactive matrixin that digests proteoglycans, fibronectin, laminin and type IV collagen, and, most importantly, acts as a physiological activator of other zymogens including pro-MMP-1, pro-MMP-8 and pro-MMP-9, thereby initiating proteolytic cascades in inflamed tissue. It is produced mainly by fibroblasts, chondrocytes and synovial cells and is strongly induced by IL-1 and TNF-alpha. The promoter 5A/6A polymorphism influences transcriptional output and has been linked to coronary artery disease and aneurysm formation. Because of its central position in cartilage catabolism, MMP-3 is regarded as both a marker and a candidate target in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis research.