OSM Receptor

The oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) is the specific 972-amino-acid type I transmembrane subunit that combines with gp130 (CD130) to form the high-affinity receptor for oncostatin M, a gp130-family cytokine produced by activated T cells, macrophages and neutrophils. OSMR is also shared with the IL-31 receptor, pairing with IL-31RA. The cytoplasmic domain of OSMR carries tyrosine-based docking sites recruiting JAK1 and STAT3/STAT5, enabling OSM to activate MAPK and PI3K in addition to JAK-STAT cascades. OSMR is expressed on hepatocytes, neural cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, osteoblasts and keratinocytes. OSM-OSMR signaling drives acute-phase protein synthesis, liver regeneration, hematopoiesis, bone remodeling, nociceptive neuron sensitization and inflammatory pain. Pathologically, OSMR signaling is strongly implicated in arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and cutaneous scleroderma/fibrosis via fibroblast activation, making OSMR an emerging antifibrotic target.