2. Recombinant Proteins
  3. Receptor Proteins
  4. Pattern Recognition Receptors
  5. Toll-like Receptor

Toll-like Receptor

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that initiate the innate immune response by sensing conserved molecular patterns for early immune recognition of a pathogen. TLRs can recognize bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and endogenous ligands, such as heat shock proteins and fibrinogen. TLRs are expressed in innate immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages as well as non-immune cells such as fibroblast cells and epithelial cells. They are located either within the cell membrane (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, and TLR10) or in the endosome (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13). Up to now, 10 TLR (TLR1-TLR10) have been identified in human and 12 (TLR1-TLR9, TLR11-TLR13) in mouse. The typical TLRs are type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein receptors that consist of three structural domains: 1) Extra-cellular or N-terminal domain composed of tandem repeats of a motif called leucine-rich repeat (LRR) responsible for ligand recognition; 2) A cytoplasmic Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain contributing to signaling cascade upon TLR activation; 3) The transmembrane region involving in TLR dimerization and stabilization. TLRs can be categorized as the IL-1 receptor/TLR superfamily by their structural similarity. TLRs signal through the recruitment of specific adaptor molecules, leading to activation of the transcription factors NF-κB and IRFs, which dictate the outcome of innate immune responses.

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Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
  • HY-P77859
    TLR3 Protein, Human (HEK293, His)

    TLR3; CD283; IIAE2

    		Human HEK293
    The TLR3 Protein, a pivotal Toll-like receptor family member, plays an essential role in the innate immune system's recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, particularly viral double-stranded RNA. Its study enhances understanding of immune responses, offering potential applications in vaccine development and antiviral therapies. TLR3's classification within the Toll-like receptor family underscores its unique contributions to host defense against viral infections. Further exploration promises to enhance our knowledge of its role in both normal immune surveillance and pathological conditions. TLR3 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived TLR3 protein, expressed by HEK293, with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR3 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 681 a.a., with molecular weight of 90-115 kDa.
  • HY-P73586
    TLR4 Protein, Human (sf9, His)

    CD284; hToll; TLR-4; Toll like receptor 4 protein; TOLL

    		Human Sf9 insect cells
    TLR4 is a transmembrane receptor that recognizes PAMPs and DAMPs and cooperates with LY96 for LPS detection. TLR4 activates MYD88-dependent and independent signaling pathways and participates in TIRAP, TRAF6 and CD14-mediated endocytosis. TLR4 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is the recombinant human-derived TLR4 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR4 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is 608 a.a., with molecular weight of ~68 kDa.
  • HY-P73590
    TLR2 Protein, Mouse (sf9, His)

    CD282; TIL4; TLR2; Toll-like receptor 2

    		Mouse Sf9 insect cells
    The TLR2 protein cooperates with LY96 to initiate an immune response against bacterial lipoproteins and cell wall components. It cooperates with TLR1 or TLR6 to activate NF-kappa-B, induce cytokine secretion, and form activation clusters such as TLR2:TLR6:CD14:CD36. TLR2 Protein, Mouse (sf9, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived TLR2 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR2 Protein, Mouse (sf9, His) is 587 a.a., with molecular weight of ~65 kDa.
  • HY-P73591
    TLR2 Protein, Human (sf9, His)

    CD282; TIL4; TLR2; Toll-like receptor 2

    		Human Sf9 insect cells
    TLR2 is a protein that plays a critical role in recognizing and responding to various bacterial and mycobacterial pathogens. TLR2 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is the recombinant human-derived TLR2 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with C-10*His labeled tag. The total length of TLR2 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is 567 a.a., with molecular weight of ~65.5 kDa.
  • HY-P73587
    TLR3 Protein, Mouse (sf9, His)

    Toll-like receptor 3; CD283; Tlr3

    		Mouse Sf9 insect cells
    TLR3 protein is an important component of innate and adaptive immunity and can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activate NF-κ-B, IRF3 and cytokine secretion. Ligand binding induces TLR3 dimerization, and efficient signal transduction requires clustering of signaling units along the ligand. TLR3 Protein, Mouse (sf9, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived TLR3 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR3 Protein, Mouse (sf9, His) is 677 a.a., with molecular weight of 75-80 kDa.
  • HY-P73588
    TLR3 Protein, Mouse (705a.a, HEK293, His)

    Toll-like receptor 3; CD283; Tlr3

    		Mouse HEK293
    TLR3 protein is an important component of innate and adaptive immunity and can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activate NF-κ-B, IRF3 and cytokine secretion. Ligand binding induces TLR3 dimerization, and efficient signal transduction requires clustering of signaling units along the ligand. TLR3 Protein, Mouse (705a.a, HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived TLR3 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR3 Protein, Mouse (705a.a, HEK293, His) is 705 a.a., with molecular weight of 100-110 kDa.
  • HY-P78362
    TLR3 Protein, Mouse (681a.a, HEK293, His)

    TLR3; CD283; IIAE2

    		Mouse HEK293
    TLR3 protein is an important component of innate and adaptive immunity and can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activate NF-κ-B, IRF3 and cytokine secretion. Ligand binding induces TLR3 dimerization, and efficient signal transduction requires clustering of signaling units along the ligand. TLR3 Protein, Mouse (681a.a, HEK293, His) is the recombinant mouse-derived TLR3 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR3 Protein, Mouse (681a.a, HEK293, His) is 681 a.a., with molecular weight of 85-110 kDa.
  • HY-P73589
    TLR2 Protein, Rat (sf9, His)

    CD282; TIL4; TLR2; Toll-like receptor 2

    		Rat Sf9 insect cells
    TLR2 Protein cooperates with LY96 to initiate innate immune response against bacterial lipoproteins and microbial cell wall components. It also cooperates with TLR1 or TLR6 for the immune response to bacterial lipoproteins or lipopeptides. This involves NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion, and induction of inflammatory response via MYD88 and TRAF6 signaling pathways. TLR2 Protein, Rat (sf9, His) is the recombinant rat-derived TLR2 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR2 Protein, Rat (sf9, His) is 587 a.a., with molecular weight of ~60 kDa.
  • HY-P700835
    TLR3 Protein, Cynomolgus (681a.a, HEK293, His)

    TLR3; CD283; IIAE2

    		Cynomolgus HEK293
    TLR3 Protein, part of the Toll-like receptor family, is vital in innate immunity, specifically detecting viral double-stranded RNA. Its recognition initiates a signaling cascade, leading to pro-inflammatory cytokine production and immune cell activation. Predominantly expressed in immune cells like dendritic cells, TLR3's activation is crucial for antiviral defense. Dysregulated TLR3 signaling links to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, highlighting its potential therapeutic relevance, warranting further research to fully comprehend its immune response role. TLR3 Protein, Cynomolgus (681a.a, HEK293, His) is the recombinant cynomolgus-derived TLR3 protein, expressed by HEK293, with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR3 Protein, Cynomolgus (681a.a, HEK293, His) is 681 a.a., with molecular weight of 95-115 kDa.
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity