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Heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease (CVD), is a broad term encompassing various conditions that affect the heart's structure or function. It includes blood vessel diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats), and heart failure, where the heart cannot pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs. Common causes and risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, atherosclerosis (fatty buildup in arteries), high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, and physical inactivity. Congenital heart defects, present at birth, are another form of heart disease. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, fatigue, and rapid breathing. As the leading cause of death in the United States, heart disease can be prevented and managed through lifestyle modifications, medications, and medical interventions such as surgery. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing complications.
Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate (Dimethyl α-ketoglutarate) is a cell-permeable derivative of 2-oxoglutarate and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite with antioxidant properties. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate inhibits Autophagy. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate prevents mitochondrial damage and reduces ROS production. Dimethyl 2-oxoglutarate alleviates Carbon tetrachloride (HY-Y0298)-induced liver fibrosis. Dimethyl-2-oxoglutaric acid can be used in the research of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy.
DMH-1 (GMP) is GMP grade DMH-1 (HY-12273). DMH-1 is a selective BMP inhibitor. DMH-1 upregulates the expression of SOX1. DMH-1 increases cardiomyocyte progenitor cells and promotes the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes. DMH-1 induces the differentiation of hiPSC-derived neural progenitor cells into β3-tubulin-positive neurons.
GCN2iB is an ATP-competitive, selective GCN2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.4 nM. GCN2iB inhibits the activation of the GCN2 pathway and upregulates GPX4. GCN2iB enhances the anticancer effect of ASNase against acute lymphoblastic leukemia. GCN2iB increases left ventricular ejection fraction, while reducing fasting blood glucose and myocardial fibrosis. GCN2iB can be used in research related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia and diabetic cardiomyopathy.
D-Glucose 6-phosphate is a key central node metabolite in glucose metabolism. It serves as the initiating metabolite for glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, as well as a substrate for glycogen synthesis. D-Glucose 6-phosphate acts as a metabolic stress signal, which activates the mTOR pathway to promote protein synthesis, especially when phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) is inhibited, thereby participating in cardiac remodeling processes. D-Glucose 6-phosphate can be used in research related to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and heart failure.
N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100 mM) is a nucleobase-modified nucleotide. N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100 mM) is used for synthesizing mRNA with reduced immunogenicity and improved stability.
2-(Methylthio)benzothiazole is a derivative of 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (HY-W017113). 2-(Methylthio)benzothiazole reduces heart rate, causes pericardial edema and deformity, delays cardiac maturation, decreases stroke volume and cardiac output, and leads to vascular structural defects in zebrafish larvae.
Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 (Compound P110) TFA is a selective Drp1 peptide inhibitor with neuroprotective properties. Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 TFA can inhibit the activation of Drp1, prevent MPTP (HY-15608)-induced Drp1 mitochondrial translocation, and alleviate MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuron loss, dopaminergic nerve terminal damage, and behavioral deficits, and can be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, Drp1 peptide inhibitor P110 TFA can reduce mitochondrial damage and organ injury in animal models of Huntington's disease, cerebral ischemic injury, and myocardial infarction.
DOTA-ECL1i is a conjugate of the CCR2 inhibitor ECL1i (HY-P11553) and DOTA. When radiolabeled with 68Ga, DOTA-ECL1i serves as a PET tracer that targets CCR2 expression. DOTA-ECL1i can be used in research related to pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac injury, abdominal aortic aneurysm inflammation, atherosclerosis, head and neck cancer, and pancreatic cancer.
9''-Methyl salvianolate B (MSB) is a blood-brain barrier-permeable inhibitor with high affinity for g5Rp, with a Kd value of 117 nM against African swine fever virus (ASFV) g5Rp. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B also acts as a ZBP1 inhibitor. It exhibits strong binding affinity to key proteins in the PPARγ/NF-κB pathway. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B blocks the interaction between ASFV g5Rp and host proteins eIF5A or RPS15. It restores hypusination modification of eIF5A, promotes autophagy (Autophagy), and inhibits ASFV replication. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B effectively disrupts ZBP1-mediated PANoptosome assembly. It effectively alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. 9''-Methyl salvianolate B can be used in studies related to African swine fever.
Cysteinylglycine (L-Cysteinylglycine; Cys-Gly) is a dipeptide formed by the peptide bond linkage between cysteine (Cysteine) and glycine (Glycine). Cysteinylglycine is an important metabolic intermediate in the human body, mainly derived from the degradation of glutathione (GSH). Cysteinylglycine reduces ferric iron to ferrous iron, drives the redox cycle of iron, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), stimulates oxidative reactions, induces lipid peroxidation of human plasma LDL lipoproteins, and causes oxidative damage to DNA bases. Cysteinylglycine can be used as a biomarker to evaluate ischemic heart disease, breast cancer and other conditions.
GSK484 is a PAD4 inhibitor that effectively inhibits protein citrullination and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by blocking the catalytic activity of PAD4. GSK484 suppresses the production of histone H3, MHC-I expression, CD8+ T cell activation, proliferation and inflammatory cytokine release. GSK484 reduces inflammation and bone destruction in collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis, alleviates pain and mast cell activation in sickle cell disease, and improves myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and experimental colitis. In addition, GSK484 restores intestinal microbial homeostasis by reversing ferroptosis-induced dysbiosis. GSK484 can be used to study the disease mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis, sickle cell disease, thrombosis, myocardial injury, colitis and other conditions.
ATX-II TFA is a selective sodium channel modulator toxin. ATX-II TFA enhances late sodium current, prevents full sodium channel inactivation, and generates persistent current fractions. ATX-II TFA has pro-arrhythmic effect. ATX-II TFA slows intrinsic heart rate, prolongs QT interval and sinus node recovery time, and causes sinus pauses and arrests. ATX-II TFA can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation, long QT syndrome, and long QT3 syndrome.
TMDJ-035 is a high-affinity, selective RyR2 inhibitor with an EC50 of 0.0130 μM. TMDJ-035 reduces RyR2 protein expression without affecting action potential-induced Ca2+ transients. TMDJ-035 decreases ATP content and intracellular Ca2+ levels. TMDJ-035 inhibits arrhythmias in a CPVT mouse model carrying mutant RyR2s. TMDJ-035 has no effect on electrocardiogram parameters or cardiac systolic function. TMDJ-035 exacerbates heart failure in mouse myocardial infarction models and hypoxic cardiomyocytes by altering cardiac function, causing tissue damage, promoting inflammatory infiltration, collagen deposition, and changes in Myosin heavy chain/actin expression. TMDJ-035 can be used in studies related to heart failure, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and arrhythmias.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is an orally active biochemical reagent and antibacterial agent. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate leads to an increase in the activity of Catalase, Superoxide dismutase. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate reduces Hydrogen sulfide and the sulfate-reducing bacteria population of swine manure. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate serves as flame suppressant for wood cellulose. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a triglyceride transesterification catalyst. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate suppresses the formation of chlorinated by-products in Cl−-containing water. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate has a neuroprotective effect against chromium poisoning. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can protect the heart from chromium damage at low doses. Sodium tetraborate in a low dose with an isolated application shows an antioxidant effect.
Soybean oil (VT 18 (oil); Vegetoil; Wesson) is an edible vegetable oil. Soybean oil reduces circulating blood cholesterol levels when it replaces dietary saturated fats. Soybean oil does not affect inflammatory biomarkers or increase oxidative stress. Soybean oil contains γ-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol, which possess antioxidant properties. Soybean oil can be used in research related to coronary heart disease.
N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) is a nucleobase-modified nucleotide, used for synthesizing mRNA with reduced immunogenicity and improved stability.
Pam2CSK4 TFA is a TLR2 agonist. Pam2CSK4 TFA induces the expression of iNOS and NO in macrophage cell lines via TBK1 and MyD88 molecules. Pam2CSK4 TFA activates the NF-κB and Bruton's tyrosine kinase signaling pathways in platelets, and promotes platelet-endothelial cell interactions. TLR2 activation triggered by Pam2CSK4 TFA expands myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and suppresses anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Pam2CSK4 TFA acts as a Th2-polarizing adjuvant in mouse vaccine models against Leishmania major and Brugia malayi. Pam2CSK4 TFA can be used in the research of various diseases, including thromboinflammatory diseases, sepsis, atherosclerosis, heart failure, influenza, lymphoma, melanoma, cutaneous leishmaniasis and lymphatic filariasis.
Kirenol is a diterpenoid compound, an orally active apoptosis inducer and signaling pathway regulator, with a Kd value of 5.47 μM against the target CK2. Kirenol promotes the cleavage of Bid into tBid, regulates the protein levels/phosphorylation of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and p21, and induces caspase-independent apoptosis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, ROS accumulation and cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Kirenol activates the CK2/AKT and AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathways, inhibits the signaling of NF-κB, TGF-β/Smads and NLRP3 inflammasome, and regulates the GSK3β, BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Kirenol induces autophagy, mitophagy and osteoblast differentiation, promotes mitochondrial fusion, and exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, renoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and analgesic effects. Kirenol is applicable to research related to chronic myeloid leukemia, ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, heart failure, acute lung injury and osteoporosis.
Simtuzumab (AB 0024; GS 6624) is a monoclonal antibody directed against Lysyl oxidase like-2 (LOXL2). Simtuzumab non-competitively blocks collagen cross-linking, reduces LOXL2 protein expression and attenuates extracellular matrix changes. Simtuzumab reduces myocardial fibrosis and prevents cardiac dysfunction. Simtuzumab lowers Myh7 and Nppa gene expression, reduces contraction heterogeneity, and cuts COL1A1 deposition. Simtuzumab can be used for the research of LMNA mutation-induced dilated cardiomyopathy, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Emodinanthrone (EmodAn) is a MARCH7 stabilizer that inhibits ferroptosis (EC50=70 nM). Emodinanthrone is also a precursor to Emodin (HY-14393) and possesses antibioticactivity. Emodinanthrone directly binds to MARCH7 and blocks its ubiquitination-mediated degradation at the K608 site; this action enhances MARCH7-mediated K48 ubiquitination and degradation of NCOA4, as well as its regulation of the intracellular localization of TFR1 via K63 ubiquitination, thereby reducing the intracellular labile iron pool and blocking ferroptosis. Emodinanthrone demonstrates in vivo cardioprotective effects and exhibits a favorable safety profile. Emodinanthrone is applicable to research on ferroptosis-related cardiovascular diseases, including Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced cardiomyopathy and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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