LY9/CD229

LY9, designated CD229, is a member of the SLAM family of immune receptors that carries two extracellular Ig-like domains and a long cytoplasmic tail bearing multiple tyrosine-based motifs. Homophilic interactions between CD229 molecules on T and B cells recruit SAP and EAT-2 adaptors, channeling signals that tune lymphocyte activation and cytokine output. The receptor is broadly expressed on T cells, B cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells throughout lymphoid tissues. Its cytoplasmic tail is notable for containing six tyrosine residues, reflecting strong adaptor-dependent regulation. Dysregulated CD229 signaling has been linked to lupus-like autoimmunity in mouse models, and the receptor serves as a B cell and plasma cell marker. Recombinant LY9/CD229 supports signaling and binding studies.