Cat. No.: HY-N0583

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Hydrocortisone

(Synonyms: Cortisol)

85 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 85 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.92%
CAS No.: 50-23-7
Formula: C₂₁H₃₀O₅
Molecular Weight:362.46

Storage:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Hydrocortisone Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 50-23-7

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Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (85)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex^[1].

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
B16-F10	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
COS-7	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey COS1 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey COS1 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
HeLa	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, human L-MDR1 expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, human L-MDR1 expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1a expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1a expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1b expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1b expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1a-expressing LLC-PK1 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1a-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1b-expressing LLC-PK1 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in Mdr1b-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Calcein-AM efflux in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells	[PMID: 12699389]
Macrophage	IC₅₀	10 nM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in CD-1 mouse Macrophage assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 48 hrs by Griess reaction Antiinflammatory activity in CD-1 mouse Macrophage assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 48 hrs by Griess reaction	[PMID: 21361338]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
NIH3T3	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	3.26 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in macrophages Anti-inflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in macrophages	[PMID: 32485533]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	3.4 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent-based assay Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent-based assay	[PMID: 33454546]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	40.64 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production by MTT assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production by MTT assay	[PMID: 20879743]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	40.64 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction based spectrophotometry Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction based spectrophotometry	[PMID: 21807513]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	40.64 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction	[PMID: 23067550]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	43.8 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 23755850]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	5.5 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS-stimulation and measured after 18 hrs Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS-stimulation and measured after 18 hrs	[PMID: 31126853]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	51.4 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess assay Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess assay	[PMID: 25275213]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	52.43 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 31009914]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	53.7 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of NO production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of NO production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 25076059]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	53.8 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells treated 1 hr before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess reaction method Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells treated 1 hr before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess reaction method	[PMID: 23294419]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	54.23 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method	[PMID: 24660966]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	54.23 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess method Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess method	[PMID: 26615888]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	58.79 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 27256914]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	58.79 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 27295506]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	58.79 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition and measured after 24 hrs by griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition and measured after 24 hrs by griess assay	[PMID: 30419492]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	61 nM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess reaction Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess reaction	[PMID: 21361338]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	63.86 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production by ELISA	[PMID: 20095629]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	64.34 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 assessed as inhibition LPS-induced nitric oxide production cells after 24 hrs Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 assessed as inhibition LPS-induced nitric oxide production cells after 24 hrs	[PMID: 20095629]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	64.34 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess reaction based method Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess reaction based method	[PMID: 23305920]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	64.34 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as nitrite formation Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as nitrite formation	[PMID: 18348534]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	85.64 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production by ELISA	[PMID: 20095629]
SK-OV-3	IC₅₀	>20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]

In Vitro

Hydrocortisone (50 nM) shows a dose-dependent down-regulation of GR transcript in hCMEC/D3 cells. Hydrocortisone supplementation of the serum-reduced cell differentiation medium leads to a significant increase in TER across the hCMEC/D3 monolayer^[1]. Hydrocortisone-treated Dendritic cells (DCs) show a decreased expression of MHC II molecules, the costimulatory molecule CD86, and the DC-specific marker CD83, as well as a strongly reduced IL-12 secretion. Hydrocortisone-treated DCs inhibit production of IFN-γ but induce an increased release of IL-4 and no change in IL-5^[2]. Hydrocortisone reduces postischemic oxidative stress, perfusion pressure, and transudate formation. Hydrocortisone inhibits postischemic shedding of syndecan-1, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronan as is release of histamine from resident mast cells^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 50-23-7
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 362.46
Formula C₂₁H₃₀O₅
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C[C@@]1([C@@]2(O)C(CO)=O)[C@](CC2)([H])[C@@](CCC3=CC4=O)([H])[C@]([C@]3(CC4)C)([H])[C@@H](O)C1
Synonyms

Cortisol
Structure Classification
- Steroids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Publications (85)

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Signal Transduct Target Ther

Olverembatinib, a multikinase inhibitor that modulates lipid metabolism, in advanced succinate dehydrogenase-deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a phase 1b study and translational research. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 4;10(1):361. PMID: 41184234
Signal Transduct Target Ther

A novel peptide 66CTG stabilizes Myc proto-oncogene protein to promote triple-negative breast cancer growth. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 9;10(1):217. PMID: 40628713
Nature

Structures of the glucocorticoid-bound adhesion receptor GPR97-Go complex. [Abstract]

2021 Jan;589(7843):620-626. PMID: 33408414
Cell

Intermittent fasting triggers interorgan communication to suppress hair follicle regeneration. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 9;188(1):157-174.e22. PMID: 39674178
Cell Metab

Sensing steroid hormone 17α-hydroxypregnenolone by GPR56 enables protection from ferroptosis-induced liver injury. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 5;36(11):2402-2418.e10. PMID: 39389061
Cancer Commun (Lond)

YB1 regulates miR-205/200b-ZEB1 axis by inhibiting microRNA maturation in hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]

2021 Jul;41(7):576-595. PMID: 34110104
Cell Stem Cell

Vagal pathway activation links chronic stress to decline in intestinal stem cell function. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 20:S1934-5909(25)00084-0. PMID: 40120585
Nat Commun

Galectin-3-integrin α5β1 phase separation disrupted by advanced glycation end-products impairs diabetic wound healing in rodents. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 7;16(1):7287. PMID: 40775187
Nat Commun

Coronavirus envelope protein activates TMED10-mediated unconventional secretion of inflammatory factors. [Abstract]

2024 Oct 8;15(1):8708. PMID: 39379362
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Targeting CDK2 Confers Vulnerability to Lenvatinib Via Driving Senescence in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Dec 24:e2413514. PMID: 39716890
Nat Chem Biol

Structures of the ADGRG2-Gs complex in apo and ligand-bound forms. [Abstract]

2022 Nov;18(11):1196-1203. PMID: 35982227
Sci Adv

FAM50A drives breast cancer brain metastasis through interaction with C9ORF78 to enhance ʟ-asparagine production. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 20;11(25):eadt3075. PMID: 40531994
Sci Adv

Targeting PSMD14 combined with arachidonic acid induces synthetic lethality via FADS1 m6A modification in triple-negative breast cancer. [Abstract]

2025 May 9;11(19):eadr3173. PMID: 40344056
Sci Adv

Human cytomegalovirus UL36 inhibits IRF3-dependent immune signaling to counterbalance its immunoenhancement as apoptotic inhibitor. [Abstract]

2023 Oct 6;9(40):eadi6586. PMID: 37792941
Cell Death Dis

Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies ZBP1-dependent mechanisms in OSCC progression. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 22;16(1):918. PMID: 41430036
Acta Biomater

A physiological oxygen gradient liver-zonation-on-a-chip reveals HIF-2α intervention in hepatic lipotoxicity. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 25:S1742-7061(25)00880-3. PMID: 41308852
Adv Healthc Mater

3D Bioprinting of Double-Layer Conductive Skin for Wound Healing. [Abstract]

2025 Apr;14(9):e2404388. PMID: 40018834
Sci China Life Sci

SIRT6 alleviates ischemic injury via orchestrating the RREB1/Snail and STC1/Smad7 signaling pathways to regulate endothelial-mesenchymal transition. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 20. PMID: 41882317
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Neutralization of acyl-CoA-binding protein attenuates glucocorticoid-mediated suppression of cancer immunosurveillance. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 10;123(10):e2518983123. PMID: 41779791
Cell Commun Signal

Extracellular vesicular delivery of ceramides from pulmonary macrophages to endothelial cells facilitates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 7;23(1):124. PMID: 40055817
J Pharm Anal

Baicalin reduces chronic stress-induced breast cancer metastasis via directly targeting β2-adrenergic receptor. [Abstract]

2024 Jul;14(7):100934. PMID: 39139999
Int J Biol Macromol

E3 ubiquitin ligase DTX3L promotes breast cancer progression by enhancing PKCα ubiquitination and inhibiting the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Mar:349:150861. PMID: 41679478
Int J Biol Macromol

Circular RNA circPTPN3 facilitates duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3) infection by reducing miR-130b-5p function in duck. [Abstract]

2025 Dec;334(Pt 2):149132. PMID: 41265597
Int J Biol Macromol

Linc-smad7 is involved in the regulation of lipid synthesis in mouse mammary epithelial cells. [Abstract]

2024 Feb 5;262(Pt 1):129875. PMID: 38320638
EMBO Mol Med

NRF2 modulates WNT signaling pathway to enhance photodynamic therapy resistance in oral leukoplakia. [Abstract]

2025 Jul;17(7):1794-1824. PMID: 40494896
Free Radic Biol Med

Chronic stress-induced steroids mediate mitochondrial fission and fibrosis in the trabecular meshwork via the MIEF1-MAOA complex. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 16:246:316-333. PMID: 41579974
Br J Pharmacol

A novel sorbicillinoid compound as a potent anti-inflammation agent through inducing NLRP3 protein degradation. [Abstract]

2023 Aug;180(15):1930-1948. PMID: 36788033
Sci Signal

PARP1-mediated PARylation of TEAD4 stabilizes the YAP1-TEAD4 complex and promotes growth and immune evasion in breast cancer cells. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 21;18(909):eadx2532. PMID: 41118450
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

Blue light pollution induces dry eye by damaging conjunctival stem cells through cAMP-PKA-Pax6 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 15:303:118984. PMID: 40912100
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

Impaired GPX4 activity elicits ferroptosis in alveolar type II cells promoting PHMG-induced pulmonary fibrosis development. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 2:281:116680. PMID: 38964057
JCI Insight

Pdcd10-Stk24/25 complex controls kidney water reabsorption by regulating Aqp2 membrane targeting. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 22;6(12):e142838. PMID: 34156031
J Mol Cell Biol

The mechanoresponsive chromosomal passenger complex sustains furrow ingression under confinement. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 22:mjaf019. PMID: 40693957
Cell Biol Toxicol

IGFBP3 enhances adipose-derived stem cell function in soft tissue injury repair via ITGB1 and ERK pathway activation. [Abstract]

2025 May 15;41(1):85. PMID: 40369223
Biochem Pharmacol

Adaptively increased intake of arginine sustains oral keratinocyte survival through alleviating oxidative stress during targeting glutamine metabolism. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 12:241:117165. PMID: 40659135
Biochem Pharmacol

TRIM21 knockout alleviates renal fibrosis by promoting autophagic degradation of mature TGF-β1. [Abstract]

2025 Apr:234:116822. PMID: 39983846
J Ethnopharmacol

Glycyrrhizic acid and patchouli alcohol in Huoxiang Zhengqi attenuate intestinal inflammation and barrier injury via regulating endogenous corticosterone metabolism mediated by 11β-HSD1. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 1:119025. PMID: 39489360
Lab Chip

Revealing transport, uptake and damage of polystyrene microplastics using a gut-liver-on-a-chip. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 25;25(7):1656-1668. PMID: 39589486
J Ethnopharmacol

Ameliorative effect of Gastrodia elata Blume extracts on depression in zebrafish and cellular models through modulating reticulon 4 receptors and apoptosis. [Abstract]

2022 May 10;289:115018. PMID: 35092824
Chem Biol Interact

E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF180 reduces sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer cells to Gefitinib by downregulating RAD51. [Abstract]

2022 Feb 25:354:109798. PMID: 34998818
J Pathol

NSD1 mutation status determines metabolic inhibitor sensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas by regulating mitochondrial respiration. [Abstract]

2025 Jul;266(3):306-321. PMID: 40371884
Immunology

COX-2 Mediates Immune Evasion and Decreases Chemosensitivity in Breast Cancer Through Activation of the JAK2/STAT3 Signalling Pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 6. PMID: 40913383
Biomed Signal Process Control

2026 Feb 26.
Int J Mol Sci

Combined Pharmacological Conditioning of Endothelial Cells for Improved Vascular Graft Endothelialization. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 25;26(15):7183. PMID: 40806313
Int J Mol Sci

The High Level of RANKL Improves IκB/p65/Cyclin D1 Expression and Decreases p-Stat5 Expression in Firm Udder of Dairy Goats. [Abstract]

2023 May 16;24(10):8841. PMID: 37240191
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci

Establishment of Mouse Meibomian Gland Organoids for In Vitro Modeling of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 5;67(1):6. PMID: 41533904
J Mol Cell Cardiol

SIRT6 promotes angiogenesis by enhancing VEGFA secretion via demyristoylation in endothelial cell. [Abstract]

2025 Feb:199:104-117. PMID: 39753390
Eur J Pharmacol

The role of peripheral serotonin and norepinephrine in the gastroprotective effect against stress of duloxetine. [Abstract]

2023 Feb 15:941:175499. PMID: 36627097
Biol Res

Perturbation of mammary epithelial cell apicobasal polarity by RHBDF1-facilitated nuclear translocation of PKCζ. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 24;57(1):90. PMID: 39582014
Front Endocrinol

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exposed to Persistently High Glucocorticoid Levels Develop Insulin-Resistance and Altered Lipolysis: A Promising In Vitro Model to Study Cushing's Syndrome. [Abstract]

2022 Feb 24;13:816229. PMID: 35282448
Cancers (Basel)

Identification of a Novel Cuproptosis-Related Gene Signature for Prognostic Implication in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinomas. [Abstract]

2022 Aug 18;14(16):3986. PMID: 36010978
iScience

Mechanosensitive accumulation of non-muscle myosin IIB during mitosis requires its translocation activity. [Abstract]

2023 Aug 29;26(10):107773. PMID: 37720093
iScience

2023 Apr 5,23.
iScience

Trigeminal nerve-derived substance P regulates limbal stem cells by the PI3K-AKT pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Apr 18;26(5):106688. PMID: 37187698
Chem Res Toxicol

Region-Specific Metabolic Alterations in the Tryptophan Pathway in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 11. PMID: 40789144
Food Sci Nutr

Anti-inflammatory actions of acetate, propionate, and butyrate in fetal mouse jejunum cultures ex vivo and immature small intestinal cells in vitro. [Abstract]

2022 Jan 18;10(2):564-576. PMID: 35154692
Mol Cell Biochem

Identification of key genes of diabetic cardiomyopathy in hiPSCs-CMs based on bioinformatics analysis. [Abstract]

2024 Dec;479(12):3447-3458. PMID: 38381273
Mol Cell Endocrinol

Sirtuin 6 affects glucose reabsorption and gluconeogenesis in type 1 diabetes via FoxO1. [Abstract]

2022 May 1:547:111597. PMID: 35157928
Exp Cell Res

Network-based analysis with primary cells reveals drug response landscape of acute myeloid leukemia. [Abstract]

2020 Aug 1;393(1):112054. PMID: 32376287
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol

Drug screening reveals the mechanism of toyocamycin-induced apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer organoids. [Abstract]

2026 Jan:506:117659. PMID: 41314261
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol

Cyclophilin J inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cell through activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 5:505:117545. PMID: 40915586
Endocrinology

Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor cooperation drives advanced phenotypes in triple-negative breast cancer. [Abstract]

2026 May 6;167(6):bqag055. PMID: 42080517
Cell Stress Chaperones

The role of Atp2a2-mediated calcium imbalance and endoplasmic reticulum stress in hydrocortisone-induced neurotoxicity. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 17:100112. PMID: 40972936
Mol Carcinog

TSPAN31 Activates Fatty Acid Metabolism and PI3K/AKT Pathway to Promote Tumor Progression in Breast Cancer. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 26. PMID: 40135650
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol

Ascorbic acid and hydrocortisone synergistically inhibit septic organ injury via improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation. [Abstract]

2022 Oct;44(5):786-794. PMID: 35635075
J Anim Sci

Cortisol promotes placental glucose and amino acids transport by activating the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 4:103:skaf374. PMID: 41317375
Int J Biochem Cell Biol

E2F1-mediated ectopic expression of PP1A promotes breast cancer progression via activation of YAP1. [Abstract]

2023 Apr:157:106389. PMID: 36787863
Immun Inflamm Dis

Development of Thymic Organoids Heterotopically to Educate and Induce T Lymphocytes. [Abstract]

2025 Aug;13(8):e70229. PMID: 40844079
Adv Biol (Weinh)

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Rescue Diabetic Cardiac Dysfuntions in Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes. [Abstract]

2023 Sep;7(9):e2200130. PMID: 36373695
Cancer Manag Res

Candidate tumor suppressor gene IRF6 is involved in human breast cancer pathogenesis via modulating PI3K-regulatory subunit PIK3R2 expression. [Abstract]

2019 Jun 21:11:5557-5572. PMID: 31417306
Tissue Cell

Hydrocortisone alleviates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury through HSF-1-mediated transcriptional suppression of XPO1. [Abstract]

2022 Dec:79:101915. PMID: 36087493
Exp Ther Med

Discovery of hydroxytyrosol as thioredoxin reductase 1 inhibitor to induce apoptosis and G1/S cell cycle arrest in human colorectal cancer cells via ROS generation. [Abstract]

2021 Aug;22(2):829. PMID: 34149875
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha and synthetic RORα agonist against invasion and metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 18:733:150421. PMID: 39047426
Oncol Lett

Comprehensive co-expression analysis reveals TMC8 as a prognostic immune-associated gene in head and neck squamous cancer. [Abstract]

2021 Jul;22(1):498. PMID: 33981360
Otol Neurotol

Cortisol Sensitizes Cochlear Hair Cells to Gentamicin Ototoxicity Via Endogenous Apoptotic Pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 1;45(1):e49-e56. PMID: 38085767
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Tumor potential biomarker: ferritin heavy chain promotes proliferation and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 17:S2212-4403(25)01212-X. PMID: 41068021
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A novel mechanism in driving non-small cell lung cancer progression: The METTL3/FOXA1/PTK2 cascade. [Abstract]

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Patent

US20250368964A1.
bioRxiv

2025 Nov 5.
bioRxiv

2025 Oct 14.
bioRxiv

2024 Feb 10.
Research Square Preprint

2023 Apr 10.
Research Square Print

December 5th, 2022.
Research Square Preprint

2022 Jul.
Oxid Med Cell Longev

miR-154-5p Affects the TGF β 1/Smad3 Pathway on the Fibrosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease via Binding E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Smurf1. [Abstract]

2022 Jan 27:2022:7502632. PMID: 35126820
Universidade de São Paulo

2020 Sep.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 200 mg/mL (551.79 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Ethanol : 5 mg/mL (13.79 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.7589 mL

13.7946 mL

27.5893 mL

5 mM

0.5518 mL

2.7589 mL

5.5179 mL

10 mM

0.2759 mL

1.3795 mL

2.7589 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Cell Assay^[1]

Cells are plated on top of collagen IV-coated transwell chambers for six-well plates (24 mm diameter, membrane material: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), 0.4 μm pores, pore density 1.6×10⁶ cm²) at densities of 2.5×10⁴ cells cm² per well. When they have reached confluence at day 5, the different experimental sets of cells are transferred to differentiation medium containing reduced amounts of FCS and treated with TNFα or hydrocortisone as indicated.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (279 KB)
SDS (419 KB)
- English - EN (419 KB)
- Français - FR (419 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (419 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (419 KB)
- Español - ES (419 KB)
- Swedish - SV (419 KB)
- Italian - IT (419 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (419 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Förster C, et al. Differential effects of hydrocortisone and TNFalpha on tight junction proteins in an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier. J Physiol. 2008 Apr 1;586(7):1937-49. [Content Brief]

[2]. Bellinghausen I, et al. Inhibition of human allergic T-cell responses by IL-10-treated dendritic cells: differences from hydrocortisone-treated dendritic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Aug;108(2):242-9. [Content Brief]

[3]. Chappell D, et al. Hydrocortisone preserves the vascular barrier by protecting the endothelial glycocalyx. Anesthesiology. 2007 Nov;107(5):776-84. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
Ethanol / DMSO	1 mM	2.7589 mL	13.7946 mL	27.5893 mL	68.9731 mL
	5 mM	0.5518 mL	2.7589 mL	5.5179 mL	13.7946 mL
	10 mM	0.2759 mL	1.3795 mL	2.7589 mL	6.8973 mL
DMSO	15 mM	0.1839 mL	0.9196 mL	1.8393 mL	4.5982 mL
	20 mM	0.1379 mL	0.6897 mL	1.3795 mL	3.4487 mL
	25 mM	0.1104 mL	0.5518 mL	1.1036 mL	2.7589 mL
	30 mM	0.0920 mL	0.4598 mL	0.9196 mL	2.2991 mL
	40 mM	0.0690 mL	0.3449 mL	0.6897 mL	1.7243 mL
	50 mM	0.0552 mL	0.2759 mL	0.5518 mL	1.3795 mL
	60 mM	0.0460 mL	0.2299 mL	0.4598 mL	1.1496 mL
	80 mM	0.0345 mL	0.1724 mL	0.3449 mL	0.8622 mL
	100 mM	0.0276 mL	0.1379 mL	0.2759 mL	0.6897 mL

Keywords

Hydrocortisone

85 Cited Publications

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Hydrocortisone

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Hydrocortisone

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (85)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Hydrocortisone Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-N0583