Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Glycocholic acid is a bile acid derivative. Glycocholic acid downregulates MDR1, Bcl-2, MRP1, MRP2 and FXR, upregulates Bax, p53, caspase-9, caspase-3, TGR5 and S1PR2. Glycocholic acid inhibits multidrug resistance and efflux pumps, induces mitochondrial apoptosis, and enhances chemosensitivity. Glycocholic acid modulates related bile acid receptor signaling. Glycocholic acid suppresses growth and conjugation of Enterobacteriaceae and increases their antibiotic susceptibility. Glycocholic acid can be used for the research of colon adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Teriflunomide is the active metabolite of leflunomide, an approved therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. It inhibits pyrimidine synthesis and therefore potently decreases T cell and B cell proliferation.

MOG (35-55) mouse, rat (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat) is a minor component of CNS myelin. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat has encephalitogenic activity and induces T cell proliferative. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat induces Th1 cytokine response as well as relatively high levels of IgG antibodies. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat produces a relapsing-remitting neurological disease with extensive plaque-like demyelination. MOG (35-55) mouse, rat (MOG (35-55)) can be used for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) modeling.

Glycerol is used in sample preparation and gel formation for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride is a Bacterial agent and polyamine transport system inhibitor. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride targets membrane phospholipids and exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacteria. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride inhibits capsular biosynthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride targets ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines to inhibit the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride in combination with DFMO (HY-B0744) induces Apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. AMXT-1501 tetrahydrochloride is applicable to research related to multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, pneumococcal infections, Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, and neuroblastoma.

Theasinensin C is an orally effective renin inhibitor and gut microbiota modulator, with an IC₅₀ of 40.21 μM against renin activity. Theasinensin C selectively enriches Akkermansia muciniphila in the gut microbiota, enhances the Akkermansia muciniphila-mediated hydrolysis of the PTS domain of mucin, drives the accumulation of luminal glutamine and serine, and regulates the gut-kidney-liver glutamine/serine metabolic signaling pathway to promote creatine biosynthesis. Theasinensin C improves cognitive function, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines, alleviates neuropathological changes and restores intestinal barrier integrity. Theasinensin C can be used in research related to hypertension and neuroinflammation induced by high-fructose diet.

Alkyne-GRWHPM-CONH-NH-CMK is a covalent Cathepsin S inhibitor (IC₅₀=82 nM). Alkyne-GRWHPM-CONH-NH-CMK has an N-terminal alkyne handle for CuAAC functionalization that engages off-target protein disulfide isomerase PDIA1. Alkyne-GRWHPM-CONH-NH-CMK can be used for the research of autoimmune disorders.

(R)-SR-29065 is a selective REV-ERBα inhibitor with a IC₅₀ of 10 nM. (R)-SR-29065 is applicable to research related to autoimmune diseases.

Tolebrutinib (SAR442168) is an orally active, selective, and blood-brain barrier-penetrant BTK inhibitor with neuroactive properties. Tolebrutinib is being investigated for use in multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS)..

Siponimod (BAF-312) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier penetrant dual agonist of S1P1/S1P5, with EC₅₀ values of 0.39 nM and 0.98 nM, respectively. Siponimod induces S1P1 internalization, activates GIRK channels, inhibits lymphocyte egress, reduces peripheral lymphocyte counts, triggers transient bradycardia, prevents synaptic neurodegeneration, promotes remyelination, alleviates demyelination, and prevents the loss of GABAergic interneurons. Siponimod can be used in research related to multiple sclerosis.

Telitacicept (RC18) is a fully human TACI-Fc fusion protein. Telitacicept is a dual B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS)/APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) inhibitor that effectively blocks proliferation of B lymphocytes. Telitacicept can be used in research of B-cell autoimmune disease. The component ratio of this product is Active ingredient : Excipients = 1: 0.5-1: 0.8.

Sodium chloride, for cell culture is an orally active salt. Sodium chloride, for cell culture induces the expression of ATP1A1. Sodium chloride, for cell culture induces the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, TNFα, IL-9 and several chemokines. Sodium chloride, for cell culture enhances the anti-tumor activities of Digoxin (HY-B1049) against small cell lung cancer. Sodium chloride, for cell culture drives autoimmune disease by the induction of pathogenic Th17 cells.

Thymol is a TRPA1 agonist. Thymol induces cancer cell apoptosis. Thymol is the main monoterpene phenol occurring in essential oils isolated from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and other plants such as those belonging to the Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae and Apiaceae families. Thymol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal effects.

MRT-6160 (Example 185) is an orally active VAV1 molecular glue degrader (DC₅₀: 7 nM). MRT-6160 reduces immune cell activation, immune cell proliferation and the production of various cytokines. MRT-6160 can be used for research of inflammatory or autoimmune disorder. MRT-6160 inhibits disease progression in experimntal autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model, Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, etc..

D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt is an orally active vitamin that reduces patulin in apple juice. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt removes ROS. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt has antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities. D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt also has the effect of improving osteoporosis and obesity.

8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-Quinolinol) is a lipophilic metal chelator that can be used as a fungicide .8-Hydroxyquinoline shows the MIC range of 27.56-55.11 μM (4-8 μg/mL) against the clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 8-Hydroxyquinoline can bind to copper form complexes and transport copper into cells. 8-Hydroxyquinoline increases in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and can also make hair depigmented in mice.

Atrosab is a humanized IgG1 antagonistic anti-TNFR1 antibody. Atrosab inhibits TNF-mediated Apoptosis induction and IL-6 and IL-8 production. Atrosab reduces neurological deficits. Atrosab can be used for research of inflammatory disease. The recommend isotype control is Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).

Natalizumab (AN100226; BG00002) is a humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody inhibitor that selectively targets α4 integrin (CD49d). It blocks the interaction of integrins such as α4β1 (VLA-4) with vascular cell adhesion molecule VCAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, and fibronectin by competitively binding to the α4 subunit. Natalizumab inhibits the adhesion, retention, and transendothelial migration of immune cells (such as CD4⁺ T cells), reducing the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the central nervous system or lesion sites, thus exerting anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. Natalizumab is used in the study of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and also has applications in the study of autoimmune or inflammation-related diseases such as Crohn's disease, B-cell lymphoma, and non-infectious uveitis. Natalizumab can also prevent lymphocytes from entering the central nervous system, thereby preventing acute demyelinating relapses.

trans-Cinnamic acid is a natural antimicrobial, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/mL against fish pathogen A. sobria, SY-AS1.

Natalizumab (Anti-CD49d) (AN100226; BG00002) Solution is a humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody inhibitor that selectively targets α4 integrin (CD49d), blocking the interaction of integrins such as α4β1 (VLA-4) with vascular cell adhesion molecule VCAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, and fibronectin by competitively binding to the α4 subunit. Natalizumab solution inhibits the adhesion, retention, and transendothelial migration of immune cells (such as CD4⁺ T cells), reducing the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the central nervous system or lesion sites, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. Natalizumab (Anti-CD49d) solution is used in the study of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and is also applied in the research of autoimmune or inflammation-related diseases such as Crohn's disease, B-cell lymphoma, and non-infectious uveitis. Natalizumab (Anti-CD49d) can also prevent lymphocytes from entering the central nervous system, thus preventing acute demyelinating relapses.