Lipid Droplet Dyes

BODIPY493/503 is a BODIPY dye. BODIPY dye is a small molecule dye with strong ultraviolet absorption ability, its fluorescence peak is relatively sharp, and the quantum yield is high. They are relatively insensitive to the polarity and pH of the environment and are relatively stable under different physiological conditions. Due to its structural asymmetry, BODIPY derives a variety of structural products. BODIPY lipid droplet dyes can well pass through the cell membrane into the cell, and localize the neutral lipids in the cell to specifically stain the lipid droplets, which can be used for labeling of live cells and fixed cells. Maximum excitation/emission wavelength: 493/503 nm.

Nile red (Nile blue oxazone) is a lipophilic stain. Nile red has environment-sensitive fluorescence. Nile red is intensely fluorescent in a lipid-rich environment while it has minimal fluorescence in aqueous media. Nile red is an excellent vital stain for the detection of intracellular lipid droplets by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytof uorometry. Nile red stains intracellular lipid droplets red. The fluorescence wavelength is 559/635 nm.

BODIPY-cholesterol is an intrinsically lipophilic, and cell-permeable analog of cholesterol with a fluorescent BODIPY group. BODIPY-cholesterol can be used to monitor sterol uptake and inter-organelle sterol flux in cells. (Excitation/Emission: 505/515 nm).

Oil Red O is a fat-soluble diazol dye, with a maximum absorption at 518 nm. Oil Red O stains neutral lipids and cholesteryl esters but not biological membranes. Oil Red O can be used for detecting and quantifying hepatic steatosis in mouse liver biopsies. Oil Red O staining efficiently helps to visualize the radical changes that occur in tissues as metabolic disease occurs and progresses.

Sudan Black B, a fat-soluble diazo dye, is a histochemical stain. Sudan Black B can be used for staining of neutral triglycerides and lipids.

Fluo-3AM (solution) is a fluorecent Ca²⁺ chelator, with high affinity for calcium. Fluo-3 AM can specifically identify intracellular calcium ions, with high sensitivity, low cytotoxicity, increased AM acetylmethyl ester can enter the cell well, after being sheared by the intracellular esterase stay in the cell to bind to calcium ions, produce strong fluorescence.
Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM

LW-1 is a fluorescent probe targeting polarity detection of lipid droplets (LD). LW-1 produces a strong solvatochromic effect via the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism: as environmental polarity increases, the emission wavelength red-shifts and the fluorescence intensity decreases significantly (emission at 557 nm in toluene and 642 nm in acetonitrile, with an 85 nm red-shift); fluorescence enhances in low-polarity lipid droplets. LW-1 can be used for lipid droplet polarity detection, differentiation between cancer cells and normal cells, monitoring of lipid droplet polarity changes under different physiological conditions such as starvation, oleic acid treatment and oxidative stress, as well as ex vivo imaging of polarity changes in lung tissues of asthmatic mice. The detection wavelength for cell imaging with LW-1 is Ex/Em = 405/500-550 nm (green channel).

SSR-LDs is a fluorescent probe for lipid droplet polarity detection and lipid droplet imaging. SSR-LDs exhibits polarity-dependent fluorescence: it produces intense short-wavelength emission in low-polarity environments, while generating weak long-wavelength emission in high-polarity environments. SSR-LDs enters cells via free diffusion, specifically targets lipid droplets, and is unaffected by intracellular viscosity or pH values ranging from 4.5 to 9.0. SSR-LDs shows variable Ex/Em wavelengths in different solvents, including 590/663 nm in THF, 600/660 nm in mouse tissue and in vivo imaging, and an excitation wavelength of 580 nm with an emission wavelength range of 610-750 nm in cell imaging. SSR-LDs can be used for research related to fatty liver, liver injury and hepatitis.

BODIPY505/515 is a BODIPY dye. BODIPY dye is a small molecule dye with strong ultraviolet absorption ability, its fluorescence peak is relatively sharp, and the quantum yield is high. They are relatively insensitive to the polarity and pH of the environment and are relatively stable under different physiological conditions. Due to its structural asymmetry, BODIPY derives a variety of structural products. BODIPY lipid droplet dyes can well pass through the cell membrane into the cell, and localize the neutral lipids in the cell to specifically stain the lipid droplets, which can be used for labeling of live cells and fixed cells. Maximum excitation/emission wavelength: 505/515 nm.

BODIPY TR Cadaverine, a cadaverine derivative, is a red fluorescent dye. BODIPY TR Cadaverine can be used in a a highly sensitive and robust fluorescent displacement assay, which binds to native LPS strongly, specifically recognizing lipid A, and is competitively displaced by compounds displaying an affinity for lipid A.

BODIPY 500/510 C1, C12 is a BODIPY dye. BODIPY dye is a small molecule dye with strong ultraviolet absorption ability, its fluorescence peak is relatively sharp, and the quantum yield is high. They are relatively insensitive to the polarity and pH of the environment and are relatively stable under different physiological conditions. Due to its structural asymmetry, BODIPY derives a variety of structural products. BODIPY lipid droplet dyes can well pass through the cell membrane into the cell, and localize the neutral lipids in the cell to specifically stain the lipid droplets, which can be used for labeling of live cells and fixed cells. Maximum excitation/emission wavelength: 500/510 nm. Protect from light, stored at -20°C.

BODIPY-C12 is a boron-dipyrromethene derivative containing a lipophilic tail (excitation 490 nm). BODIPY-C12 is a hydrophobic molecular and sensitivity to the surrounding environment and can be used to quantify viscosity, critical micelle concentration, and critical micelle temperature.

BETA-1 is the first twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT)-aggregation-induced emission (AIE) integration molecule. BETA-1 emits cyan fluorescence in lipid droplets (LDs) and red fluorescence in mitochondria. BETA-1 can be used for the simultaneous and dual-color imaging of LDs and mitochondria in vivo and in vitro.

LipidGreen 2 is a second generation small molecule probe for lipid imaging. LipidGreen 2 has a better fluorescence signal compared with the previous LipidGreen, and selectively stains neutral lipids in cells and fat deposits in live zebrafish.

3-C12-NBD-cholesterol is a fluorescent cholesterol analog that can be used for measuring membrane and intracellular trafficking dynamics.

C6-NBD Sphinganine is a sphinganine analog and can be used as fluorescent dye for labeling fatty acid.

3-C6-NBD-cholesterol is a fluorescent analog of Chol that can be used to measure the kinetics of membrane and intracellular trafficking.

C-12 NBD cholesterol is a cholesterol derivative with a hydrophilic fluorophore tag (NBD: Ex=465 nm, Em=535 nm). C-12 NBD cholesterol can be used to study the utilization and metabolism of cholesterol.

NRLD is a lipid droplet-targeting solvatochromic fluorescent probe developed based on Nile Red (HY-D0718), which can target lipid droplets and sense the non-polar lipid microenvironment inside lipid droplets. NRLD exhibits superior lipid droplet-targeting selectivity compared to the parent Nile Red dye in HeLa cell imaging. NRLD achieves detection relying on the solvatochromic effect generated by excited-state charge transfer, and its emission wavelength shifts according to the local polarity changes of the microenvironment it locates in: the more compact and ordered the lipid packing and the lower the environmental polarity, the more blue-shifted the emission; the looser the lipid packing or the stronger the hydration and the higher the environmental polarity, the more red-shifted the emission. NRLD shows blue shift in the non-polar oil core of lipid droplets and red shift in high-polarity environments such as phosphate buffer.

Dansyl-morpholine (DNS-M) is a Fluorescent probe for lipid droplet imaging, cancer cell discrimination, and real-time tracking of lipid droplet dynamics. As a solvatochromic probe with a donor-π-acceptor structure, it relies on hydrophobic interaction for its mechanism of action: its good lipophilicity, confirmed by an oil-water partition coefficient LogP = 2.35, allows it to rapidly penetrate cell membranes, and it specifically localizes to the hydrophobic core of lipid droplets; its fluorescence is strongly enhanced in the nonpolar environment of lipid droplets, while it emits very weak fluorescence in polar environments like PBS buffer, and it exhibits a bathochromic shift in emission wavelength with increasing solvent polarity. It has negligible cytotoxicity, with cell viability remaining over 95% after 24-hour incubation with 100 μM of the probe, and it possesses excellent photostability, retaining over 97% of initial fluorescence intensity after 60 continuous laser scans. For cell imaging applications, its excitation/emission wavelengths for lipid droplet labeling are Ex/Em = 405/480−540 nm, and in a simulative lipid environment O/W emulsion, it has an excitation wavelength of ~346 nm and emission wavelength of ~500 nm, giving a Stokes shift of 154 nm[1].