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Botulism

Definition:

Botulism is an acute neuroparalytic illness caused by a botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium. Botulism occurs in four forms: foodborne, wound, infant botulism, and adult intestinal toxemia. Botulinum toxin blocks acetylcholine release in a dose-dependent fashion, resulting in symmetrical, descending, and progressive muscle weakness. Delay in treatment may allow progression of paralysis.

References:

[1]. Colin Chalk, et al. Medical treatment for botulism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16;(3):CD008123. [Content Brief]

[2]. Jiu-Cong Zhang, et al. Botulism, where are we now?. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Nov;48(9):867-79. [Content Brief]

[3]. Renee F Robinson, et al. Management of botulism. Ann Pharmacother. 2003 Jan;37(1):127-31. [Content Brief]

[4]. Zygmunt F Dembek, et al. Botulism: cause, effects, diagnosis, clinical and laboratory identification, and treatment modalities. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2007 Nov;1(2):122-34. [Content Brief]

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