Cytochrome P450 4V2
Definition:
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in fatty acid metabolism in the eye. Catalyzes the omega-hydroxylation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) docosahexaenoate (DHA) and its precursor eicosapentaenoate (EPA), and may contribute to the homeostasis of these retinal PUFAs. Omega hydroxylates saturated fatty acids such as laurate, myristate and palmitate, the catalytic efficiency decreasing in the following order: myristate > laurate > palmitate (C14>C12>C16). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase).
References:
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[1]. Mariko Nakano, et al. Expression and characterization of CYP4V2 as a fatty acid omega-hydroxylase. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Nov;37(11):2119-22. [Content Brief]
[2]. Mariko Nakano, et al. CYP4V2 in Bietti's crystalline dystrophy: ocular localization, metabolism of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids, and functional deficit of the p.H331P variant. Mol Pharmacol. 2012 Oct;82(4):679-86. [Content Brief]
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