DNA repair protein XRCC1

Definition:

Scaffold protein involved in DNA single-strand break repair by mediating the assembly of DNA break repair protein complexes. Negatively regulates ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of PARP1 during base-excision repair in order to prevent excessive PARP1 activity. Recognizes and binds poly-ADP-ribose chains: specifically binds auto-poly-ADP-ribosylated PARP1, limiting its activity.

References:

[1]. Annie A Demin, et al. XRCC1 prevents toxic PARP1 trapping during DNA base excision repair. Mol Cell. 2021 Jul 15;81(14):3018-3030.e5. [Content Brief]

[2]. Nicolas C Hoch, et al. XRCC1 mutation is associated with PARP1 hyperactivation and cerebellar ataxia. Nature. 2017 Jan 5;541(7635):87-91. [Content Brief]

[3]. Marek Adamowicz, et al. XRCC1 protects transcription from toxic PARP1 activity during DNA base excision repair. Nat Cell Biol. 2021 Dec;23(12):1287-1298. [Content Brief]

[4]. C J Whitehouse, et al. XRCC1 stimulates human polynucleotide kinase activity at damaged DNA termini and accelerates DNA single-strand break repair. Cell. 2001 Jan 12;104(1):107-17. [Content Brief]

[5]. Sherif F El-Khamisy, et al. A requirement for PARP-1 for the assembly or stability of XRCC1 nuclear foci at sites of oxidative DNA damage. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Oct 1;31(19):5526-33. [Content Brief]

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