Flavin-containing monooxygenase 2

Definition:

Catalyzes the oxidative metabolism of numerous xenobiotics, including mainly therapeutic drugs and insecticides that contain a soft nucleophile, most commonly nitrogen and sulfur and participates to their bioactivation. Specifically catalyzes S-oxygenation of sulfur derived compounds such as thioureas-derived compounds, thioetherorganophosphates to their sulfenic acid. In vitro, catalyzes S-oxygenation of the second-line antitubercular drugs thiacetazone (TAZ) and ethionamide (ETA), forming a sulfinic acid and a carbodiimide via a postulated sulfenic acid intermediate. Also catalyzes S-oxygenation of the thioether-containing organophosphate insecticides, phorate and disulfoton.

References:

[1]. Asvi A Francois, et al. Human flavin-containing monooxygenase 2.1 catalyzes oxygenation of the antitubercular drugs thiacetazone and ethionamide. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Jan;37(1):178-86. [Content Brief]

[2]. C T Dolphin, et al. The flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 gene (FMO2) of humans, but not of other primates, encodes a truncated, nonfunctional protein. J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 13;273(46):30599-607. [Content Brief]

[3]. Marilyn C Henderson, et al. Human flavin-containing monooxygenase form 2 S-oxygenation: sulfenic acid formation from thioureas and oxidation of glutathione. Chem Res Toxicol. 2004 May;17(5):633-40. [Content Brief]

[4]. Marilyn C Henderson, et al. S-oxygenation of the thioether organophosphate insecticides phorate and disulfoton by human lung flavin-containing monooxygenase 2. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Sep 1;68(5):959-67. [Content Brief]

[5]. Marilyn C Henderson, et al. Metabolism of the anti-tuberculosis drug ethionamide by mouse and human FMO1, FMO2 and FMO3 and mouse and human lung microsomes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Dec 15;233(3):420-7. [Content Brief]

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