Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase

Definition:

Responsible for the biosynthesis of pyroglutamyl peptides. Has a bias against acidic and tryptophan residues adjacent to the N-terminal glutaminyl residue and a lack of importance of chain length after the second residue. Also catalyzes N-terminal pyroglutamate formation. In vitro, catalyzes pyroglutamate formation of N-terminally truncated form of APP amyloid-beta peptides [Glu-3]-amyloid-beta. May be involved in the N-terminal pyroglutamate formation of several amyloid-related plaque-forming peptides.

References:

[1]. Stephan Schilling, et al. Glutaminyl cyclases unfold glutamyl cyclase activity under mild acid conditions. FEBS Lett. 2004 Apr 9;563(1-3):191-6. [Content Brief]

[2]. Holger Cynis, et al. Isolation of an isoenzyme of human glutaminyl cyclase: retention in the Golgi complex suggests involvement in the protein maturation machinery. J Mol Biol. 2008 Jun 20;379(5):966-80. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kai-Fa Huang, et al. Structures of human Golgi-resident glutaminyl cyclase and its complexes with inhibitors reveal a large loop movement upon inhibitor binding. J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 8;286(14):12439-49. [Content Brief]

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