Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase
Definition:
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in sterol biosynthesis. Catalyzes 14-alpha demethylation of lanosterol and 24,25-dihydrolanosterol likely through sequential oxidative conversion of 14-alpha methyl group to hydroxymethyl, then to carboxylaldehyde, followed by the formation of the delta 14,15 double bond in the sterol core and concomitant release of formic acid. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase).
References:
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[1]. Natallia Strushkevich, et al. Structural basis of human CYP51 inhibition by antifungal azoles. J Mol Biol. 2010 Apr 9;397(4):1067-78. [Content Brief]
[2]. M Strömstedt, et al. The ubiquitously expressed human CYP51 encodes lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, a cytochrome P450 whose expression is regulated by oxysterols. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1996 May 1;329(1):73-81. [Content Brief]
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