LINE-1 retrotransposable element ORF2 protein

Definition:

Has reverse transcriptase activity required for target-primed reverse transcription of the LINE-1 element mRNA, a crucial step in LINE-1 retrotransposition. Also has endonuclease activity that allows the introduction of nicks in the chromosomal target DNA. Cleaves DNA in AT-rich regions between a 5' stretch of purines and a 3' stretch of pyrimidines, corresponding to sites of LINE-1 integration in the genome. Conformational properties of the target DNA sequence rather than specific nucleotides are key determinants of the ORF2p capacity for sequence-specific DNA recognition. Unlike related endonucleases, does not bend the DNA helix but causes compression near the cleavage site.

References:

[1]. D M Sassaman, et al. Many human L1 elements are capable of retrotransposition. Nat Genet. 1997 May;16(1):37-43. [Content Brief]

[2]. Q Feng, et al. Human L1 retrotransposon encodes a conserved endonuclease required for retrotransposition. Cell. 1996 Nov 29;87(5):905-16. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kostas Repanas, et al. Determinants for DNA target structure selectivity of the human LINE-1 retrotransposon endonuclease. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35(14):4914-26. [Content Brief]

[4]. B A Dombroski, et al. An in vivo assay for the reverse transcriptase of human retrotransposon L1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Jul;14(7):4485-92. [Content Brief]

[5]. Ian Miller, et al. Structural dissection of sequence recognition and catalytic mechanism of human LINE-1 endonuclease. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 Nov 8;49(19):11350-11366. [Content Brief]

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