Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2

Definition:

Exhibits both acyltransferase and acetyltransferase activities. Catalyzes the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine (1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or PC). Catalyzes the conversion 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. Involved in platelet-activating factor (PAF) biosynthesis by catalyzing the conversion of the PAF precursor, 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PAF) into 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PAF). Also converts lyso-PAF to 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PC), a major component of cell membranes and a PAF precursor (By similarity). Under resting conditions, acyltransferase activity is preferred (By similarity). Upon acute inflammatory stimulus, acetyltransferase activity is enhanced and PAF synthesis increases (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of lipid droplet number and size.

References:

[1]. Anil K Agarwal, et al. Enzymatic activity of the human 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate-O-acyltransferase isoform 11: upregulated in breast and cervical cancers. J Lipid Res. 2010 Aug;51(8):2143-52. [Content Brief]

[2]. Christine Moessinger, et al. Human lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferases 1 and 2 are located in lipid droplets where they catalyze the formation of phosphatidylcholine. J Biol Chem. 2011 Jun 17;286(24):21330-9. [Content Brief]

[3]. Christine Moessinger, et al. Two different pathways of phosphatidylcholine synthesis, the Kennedy Pathway and the Lands Cycle, differentially regulate cellular triacylglycerol storage. BMC Cell Biol. 2014 Dec 10;15:43. [Content Brief]

[4]. Hideo Shindou, et al. A single enzyme catalyzes both platelet-activating factor production and membrane biogenesis of inflammatory cells. Cloning and characterization of acetyl-CoA:LYSO-PAF acetyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 2;282(9):6532-9. [Content Brief]

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