Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14

Definition:

Coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide. In concert with LBP, binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide and delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex, thereby mediating the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MyD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Acts as a coreceptor for TLR2:TLR6 heterodimer in response to diacylated lipopeptides and for TLR2:TLR1 heterodimer in response to triacylated lipopeptides, these clusters trigger signaling from the cell surface and subsequently are targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway. Binds electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) and mediates the cytokine release induced by LDL(-).

References:

[1]. Hiroki Tsukamoto, et al. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein-mediated Toll-like receptor 4 dimerization enables rapid signal transduction against lipopolysaccharide stimulation on membrane-associated CD14-expressing cells. Int Immunol. 2010 Apr;22(4):271-80. [Content Brief]

[2]. S D Wright, et al. CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein. Science. 1990 Sep 21;249(4975):1431-3. [Content Brief]

[3]. Montserrat Estruch, et al. CD14 and TLR4 mediate cytokine release promoted by electronegative LDL in monocytes. Atherosclerosis. 2013 Aug;229(2):356-62. [Content Brief]

[4]. A Haziot, et al. Resistance to endotoxin shock and reduced dissemination of gram-negative bacteria in CD14-deficient mice. Immunity. 1996 Apr;4(4):407-14. [Content Brief]

[5]. Stacy L Kelley, et al. The crystal structure of human soluble CD14 reveals a bent solenoid with a hydrophobic amino-terminal pocket. J Immunol. 2013 Feb 1;190(3):1304-11. [Content Brief]

[6]. Kosaku Murakami, et al. Follistatin-related protein/follistatin-like 1 evokes an innate immune response via CD14 and toll-like receptor 4. FEBS Lett. 2012 Feb 17;586(4):319-24. [Content Brief]

[7]. Martha Triantafilou, et al. Membrane sorting of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2/6 and TLR2/1 heterodimers at the cell surface determines heterotypic associations with CD36 and intracellular targeting. J Biol Chem. 2006 Oct 13;281(41):31002-11. [Content Brief]

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