NAD-capped RNA hydrolase NUDT12

Definition:

mRNA decapping enzyme that specifically removes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) cap from a subset of mRNAs by hydrolyzing the diphosphate linkage to produce nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and 5' monophosphate mRNA. The NAD-cap is present at the 5'-end of some RNAs; in contrast to the canonical N7 methylguanosine (m7G) cap, the NAD cap promotes mRNA decay. Preferentially acts on NAD-capped transcripts in response to nutrient stress. Also acts on free nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide molecules: hydrolyzes NAD(H) into NMN(H) and AMP, and NADPH into NMNH and 2',5'-ADP. May act to regulate the concentration of peroxisomal nicotinamide nucleotide cofactors required for oxidative metabolism in this organelle. Regulates the levels of circadian clock components PER1, PER2, PER3 and CRY2 in the liver (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Ewa Grudzien-Nogalska, et al. Structural and mechanistic basis of mammalian Nudt12 RNA deNADding. Nat Chem Biol. 2019 Jun;15(6):575-582. [Content Brief]

[2]. Hao Wu, et al. Decapping Enzyme NUDT12 Partners with BLMH for Cytoplasmic Surveillance of NAD-Capped RNAs. Cell Rep. 2019 Dec 24;29(13):4422-4434.e13. [Content Brief]

[3]. Salama R Abdelraheim, et al. Mammalian NADH diphosphatases of the Nudix family: cloning and characterization of the human peroxisomal NUDT12 protein. Biochem J. 2003 Sep 1;374(Pt 2):329-35. [Content Brief]

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