Neutrophil defensin 3

Definition:

Effector molecule of the innate immune system that acts via antibiotic-like properties against a broad array of infectious agents including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Possesses the ability to neutralize bacterial toxins such as B. anthracis lethal factor, Clostridium difficile cytotoxin B as well as leukocidin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Blocks also herpes simplex virus infection by interacting with envelope glycoprotein B and thus preventing its binding to heparan sulfate, the receptor for attachment.

References:

[1]. Torsten Giesemann, et al. Human alpha-defensins inhibit Clostridium difficile toxin B. Gastroenterology. 2008 Jun;134(7):2049-58. [Content Brief]

[2]. Cao Xie, et al. Reconstruction of the conserved beta-bulge in mammalian defensins using D-amino acids. J Biol Chem. 2005 Sep 23;280(38):32921-9. [Content Brief]

[3]. Bryan Ericksen, et al. Antibacterial activity and specificity of the six human {alpha}-defensins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Jan;49(1):269-75. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ehsan Hazrati, et al. Human alpha- and beta-defensins block multiple steps in herpes simplex virus infection. J Immunol. 2006 Dec 15;177(12):8658-66. [Content Brief]

[5]. C P Hill, et al. Crystal structure of defensin HNP-3, an amphiphilic dimer: mechanisms of membrane permeabilization. Science. 1991 Mar 22;251(5000):1481-5. [Content Brief]

[6]. Guozhang Zou, et al. Toward understanding the cationicity of defensins. Arg and Lys versus their noncoded analogs. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jul 6;282(27):19653-65. [Content Brief]

[7]. Chun Kim, et al. Human alpha-defensins neutralize anthrax lethal toxin and protect against its fatal consequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Mar 29;102(13):4830-5. [Content Brief]

[8]. E Cardot-Martin, et al. α-Defensins partially protect human neutrophils against Panton-Valentine leukocidin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2015 Aug;61(2):158-64. [Content Brief]

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