Nucleophosmin

Definition:

Involved in diverse cellular processes such as ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, protein chaperoning, histone assembly, cell proliferation, and regulation of tumor suppressors p53/TP53 and ARF. Binds ribosome presumably to drive ribosome nuclear export. Associated with nucleolar ribonucleoprotein structures and bind single-stranded nucleic acids. Acts as a chaperonin for the core histones H3, H2B and H4. Stimulates APEX1 endonuclease activity on apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) double-stranded DNA but inhibits APEX1 endonuclease activity on AP single-stranded RNA. May exert a control of APEX1 endonuclease activity within nucleoli devoted to repair AP on rDNA and the removal of oxidized rRNA molecules. In concert with BRCA2, regulates centrosome duplication. Regulates centriole duplication: phosphorylation by PLK2 is able to trigger centriole replication. Negatively regulates the activation of EIF2AK2/PKR and suppresses apoptosis through inhibition of EIF2AK2/PKR autophosphorylation. Antagonizes the inhibitory effect of ATF5 on cell proliferation and relieves ATF5-induced G2/M blockade. In complex with MYC enhances the transcription of MYC target genes. May act as chaperonin or cotransporter in the nucleolar localization of transcription termination factor TTF1 (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Zhiyong Ma, et al. Interaction between ROCK II and nucleophosmin/B23 in the regulation of centrosome duplication. Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Dec;26(23):9016-34. [Content Brief]

[2]. V Swaminathan, et al. Human histone chaperone nucleophosmin enhances acetylation-dependent chromatin transcription. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;25(17):7534-45. [Content Brief]

[3]. Annekatrin Krause, et al. Polo-like kinase 2-dependent phosphorylation of NPM/B23 on serine 4 triggers centriole duplication. PLoS One. 2010 Mar 24;5(3):e9849. [Content Brief]

[4]. Leonard B Maggi Jr, et al. Nucleophosmin serves as a rate-limiting nuclear export chaperone for the Mammalian ribosome. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Dec;28(23):7050-65. [Content Brief]

[5]. Carlo Vascotto, et al. APE1/Ref-1 interacts with NPM1 within nucleoli and plays a role in the rRNA quality control process. Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Apr;29(7):1834-54. [Content Brief]

[6]. Jee-Youn Kim, et al. The Nucleolar Protein GLTSCR2 Is an Upstream Negative Regulator of the Oncogenic Nucleophosmin-MYC Axis. Am J Pathol. 2015 Jul;185(7):2061-8. [Content Brief]

[7]. Hui-Feng Wang, et al. BRCA2 and nucleophosmin coregulate centrosome amplification and form a complex with the Rho effector kinase ROCK2. Cancer Res. 2011 Jan 1;71(1):68-77. [Content Brief]

[8]. Qishen Pang, et al. Nucleophosmin interacts with and inhibits the catalytic function of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 kinase PKR. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 24;278(43):41709-17. [Content Brief]

[9]. Younghwa Chun, et al. New centromeric component CENP-W is an RNA-associated nuclear matrix protein that interacts with nucleophosmin/B23 protein. J Biol Chem. 2011 Dec 9;286(49):42758-42769. [Content Brief]

[10]. Xijun Liu, et al. Nucleophosmin (NPM1/B23) interacts with activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) protein and promotes proteasome- and caspase-dependent ATF5 degradation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem. 2012 Jun 1;287(23):19599-609. [Content Brief]

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