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Onchocerciasis

Definition:

Human onchocerciasis is an infection caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus transmitted by Simulium blackflies. The disease is endemic in sub-Saharan African countries, the Arabian peninsula, and small parts of Latin America. Persons with onchocerciasis may develop skin diseases such as pruritus, lichenification, and depigmentation, as well as ocular manifestations. Onchocerca volvulus contain Wolbachia bacteria as mutualistic symbionts, and these Wolbachia affects the nematode survival.

References:

[1]. E W Cupp, et al. Elimination of human onchocerciasis: history of progress and current feasibility using ivermectin (Mectizan(®)) monotherapy. Acta Trop. 2011 Sep;120 Suppl 1:S100-8. [Content Brief]

[2]. Francesca Tamarozzi, et al. Onchocerciasis: the role of Wolbachia bacterial endosymbionts in parasite biology, disease pathogenesis, and treatment. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011 Jul;24(3):459-68. [Content Brief]

[3]. Mark J Taylor, et al. Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. Lancet. 2010 Oct 2;376(9747):1175-85. [Content Brief]

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