Single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase

Definition:

Single-stranded DNA-specific cytidine deaminase. Involved in somatic hypermutation (SHM), gene conversion, and class-switch recombination (CSR) in B-lymphocytes by deaminating C to U during transcription of Ig-variable (V) and Ig-switch (S) region DNA. Required for several crucial steps of B-cell terminal differentiation necessary for efficient antibody responses. May also play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by participating in DNA demethylation.

References:

[1]. Junjie U Guo, et al. Hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine by TET1 promotes active DNA demethylation in the adult brain. Cell. 2011 Apr 29;145(3):423-34. [Content Brief]

[2]. Silvestro G Conticello, et al. Interaction between antibody-diversification enzyme AID and spliceosome-associated factor CTNNBL1. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 22;31(4):474-484. [Content Brief]

[3]. Il-mi Okazaki, et al. Histone chaperone Spt6 is required for class switch recombination but not somatic hypermutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 May 10;108(19):7920-5. [Content Brief]

[4]. Karuna Ganesh, et al. CTNNBL1 is a novel nuclear localization sequence-binding protein that recognizes RNA-splicing factors CDC5L and Prp31. J Biol Chem. 2011 May 13;286(19):17091-102. [Content Brief]

[5]. Hanen Ouadani, et al. Activation induced cytidine deaminase mutant (AID-His130Pro) from Hyper IgM 2 patient retained mutagenic activity on SHM artificial substrate. Mol Immunol. 2016 Nov;79:77-82. [Content Brief]

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