2. Academic Validation
  3. Site-1 protease deficiency causes human skeletal dysplasia due to defective inter-organelle protein trafficking

Site-1 protease deficiency causes human skeletal dysplasia due to defective inter-organelle protein trafficking

  • JCI Insight. 2018 Jul 26;3(14):e121596. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.121596.
Yuji Kondo 1,  Jianxin Fu 1 2,  Hua Wang 3,  Christopher Hoover 1 4,  J Michael McDaniel 1,  Richard Steet 5,  Debabrata Patra 6,  Jianhua Song 1,  Laura Pollard 7,  Sara Cathey 7,  Tadayuki Yago 1,  Graham Wiley 8,  Susan Macwana 8,  Joel Guthridge 8,  Samuel McGee 1,  Shibo Li 3,  Courtney Griffin 1,  Koichi Furukawa 9,  Judith A James 8,  Changgeng Ruan 2,  Rodger P McEver 1 4,  Klaas J Wierenga 3,  Patrick M Gaffney 8,  Lijun Xia 1 2 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
  • 2 Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
  • 3 Department of Pediatrics and.
  • 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
  • 5 Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA.
  • 6 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
  • 7 Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, South Carolina, USA.
  • 8 Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
  • 9 Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
PMID: 30046013 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121596
Abstract

Site-1 protease (S1P), encoded by MBTPS1, is a serine protease in the Golgi. S1P regulates lipogenesis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function, and lysosome biogenesis in mice and in cultured cells. However, how S1P differentially regulates these diverse functions in humans has been unclear. In addition, no human disease with S1P deficiency has been identified. Here, we report a pediatric patient with an amorphic and a severely hypomorphic mutation in MBTPS1. The unique combination of these mutations results in a frequency of functional MBTPS1 transcripts of approximately 1%, a finding that is associated with skeletal dysplasia and elevated blood lysosomal enzymes. We found that the residually expressed S1P is sufficient for lipid homeostasis but not for ER and lysosomal functions, especially in chondrocytes. The defective S1P function specifically impairs activation of the ER stress transducer BBF2H7, leading to ER retention of collagen in chondrocytes. S1P deficiency also causes abnormal secretion of lysosomal enzymes due to partial impairment of mannose-6-phosphate-dependent delivery to lysosomes. Collectively, these abnormalities lead to Apoptosis of chondrocytes and lysosomal enzyme-mediated degradation of the bone matrix. Correction of an MBTPS1 variant or reduction of ER stress mitigated collagen-trafficking defects. These results define a new congenital human skeletal disorder and, more importantly, reveal that S1P is particularly required for skeletal development in humans. Our findings may also lead to new therapies for other genetic skeletal diseases, as ER dysfunction is common in these disorders.

Keywords

Cell Biology; Genetic diseases; Genetics; Glycobiology; Proteases.

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