2. Academic Validation
  3. EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation

EV71 3C protease induces apoptosis by cleavage of hnRNP A1 to promote apaf-1 translation

  • PLoS One. 2019 Sep 9;14(9):e0221048. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221048.
Mei-Ling Li 1,  Jing-Yi Lin 2,  Bo-Shiun Chen 3,  Kuo-Feng Weng 3,  Shin-Ru Shih 3 4,  Jesse Davila Calderon 5,  Blanton S Tolbert 5,  Gary Brewer 1
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America.
  • 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
  • 3 Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
  • 4 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
  • 5 Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
PMID: 31498791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221048
Abstract

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) induces Apoptosis to promote viral particle release. Earlier work showed that EV71 utilizes its 3C protease to induce Apoptosis in a caspase-3-dependent pathway, though the mechanism is unknown. However, work from Vagner, Holcik and colleagues showed that host protein heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) binds the IRES of cellular apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (apaf-1) mRNA to repress its translation. In this work, we show that apaf-1 expression is essential for EV71-induced Apoptosis. EV71 Infection or ectopic expression of 3C protease cleaves hnRNP A1, which abolishes its binding to the apaf-1 IRES. This allows IRES-dependent synthesis of apaf-1, activation of Caspase-3, and Apoptosis. Thus, we reveal a novel mechanism that EV71 utilizes for virus release via a 3C protease-hnRNP A1-apaf-1-caspase-3-apoptosis axis.

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