2. Academic Validation
  3. Naturally Drug-Loaded Chitin: Isolation and Applications

Naturally Drug-Loaded Chitin: Isolation and Applications

  • Mar Drugs. 2019 Oct 10;17(10):574. doi: 10.3390/md17100574.
Valentine Kovalchuk 1,  Alona Voronkina 2,  Björn Binnewerg 3,  Mario Schubert 4,  Liubov Muzychka 5,  Marcin Wysokowski 6 7,  Mikhail V Tsurkan 8,  Nicole Bechmann 9,  Iaroslav Petrenko 10,  Andriy Fursov 11,  Rajko Martinovic 12,  Viatcheslav N Ivanenko 13,  Jane Fromont 14,  Oleg B Smolii 15,  Yvonne Joseph 16,  Marco Giovine 17,  Dirk Erpenbeck 18,  Michael Gelinsky 19,  Armin Springer 20 21,  Kaomei Guan 22,  Stefan R Bornstein 23 24,  Hermann Ehrlich 25
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Microbiology, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia 21018, Ukraine. [email protected].
  • 2 Department of Pharmacy, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia 21018, Ukraine. [email protected].
  • 3 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany. [email protected].
  • 4 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany. [email protected].
  • 5 V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Murmanska Str. 1, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine. [email protected].
  • 6 Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, Poznan 60965, Poland. [email protected].
  • 7 Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner Str. 3, Freiberg 09599, Germany. [email protected].
  • 8 Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany. [email protected].
  • 9 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany. [email protected].
  • 10 Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner Str. 3, Freiberg 09599, Germany. [email protected].
  • 11 Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner Str. 3, Freiberg 09599, Germany. [email protected].
  • 12 Institute of Marine Biology, University of Montenegro, Kotor 85330, Montenegro. [email protected].
  • 13 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia. [email protected].
  • 14 Aquatic Zoology Department, Western Australian Museum, Locked Bag 49, Welshpool DC, Western Australia WA6986, Australia. [email protected].
  • 15 V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Murmanska Str. 1, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine. [email protected].
  • 16 Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner Str. 3, Freiberg 09599, Germany. [email protected].
  • 17 Department of Sciences of Earth, Environment and Life, University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy. [email protected].
  • 18 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences & GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, Munich 80333, Germany. [email protected].
  • 19 Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany. [email protected].
  • 20 Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden 01307, Germany. [email protected].
  • 21 Medizinische Biologie und Elektronenmikroskopisches Zentrum (EMZ), Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock 18055, Germany. [email protected].
  • 22 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany. [email protected].
  • 23 Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany. [email protected].
  • 24 Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK. [email protected].
  • 25 Institute of Electronic and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner Str. 3, Freiberg 09599, Germany. [email protected].
PMID: 31658704 DOI: 10.3390/md17100574
Abstract

Naturally occurring three-dimensional (3D) biopolymer-based matrices that can be used in different biomedical applications are sustainable alternatives to various artificial 3D Materials. For this purpose, chitin-based structures from marine sponges are very promising substitutes. Marine sponges from the order Verongiida (class Demospongiae) are typical examples of demosponges with well-developed chitinous skeletons. In particular, species belonging to the family Ianthellidae possess chitinous, flat, fan-like fibrous skeletons with a unique, microporous 3D architecture that makes them particularly interesting for applications. In this work, we focus our attention on the demosponge Ianthella flabelliformis (Linnaeus, 1759) for simultaneous extraction of both naturally occurring ("ready-to-use") chitin scaffolds, and biologically active bromotyrosines which are recognized as potential Antibiotic, antitumor, and marine antifouling substances. We show that selected bromotyrosines are located within pigmental cells which, however, are localized within chitinous skeletal fibers of I. flabelliformis. A two-step reaction provides two products: treatment with methanol extracts the bromotyrosine compounds bastadin 25 and araplysillin-I N20 sulfamate, and a subsequent treatment with acetic acid and sodium hydroxide exposes the 3D chitinous scaffold. This scaffold is a mesh-like structure, which retains its capillary network, and its use as a potential drug delivery biomaterial was examined for the first time. The results demonstrate that sponge-derived chitin scaffolds, impregnated with decamethoxine, effectively inhibit growth of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus in an agar diffusion assay.

Keywords

Ianthella; bromotyrosines; chitin; decamethoxine; demosponges; drug delivery; pigmental cells; scaffolds.

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