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  3. PLGA nanoparticles engineering extracellular vesicles from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates polyethylene particles induced periprosthetic osteolysis

PLGA nanoparticles engineering extracellular vesicles from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates polyethylene particles induced periprosthetic osteolysis

  • J Nanobiotechnology. 2023 Oct 31;21(1):398. doi: 10.1186/s12951-023-02177-7.
Jie Xie 1,  Yihe Hu 1,  Weiping Su 2,  Sijie Chen 3,  Jiahao Wang 4,  Shuailong Liang 4,  Mingyu Chen 3,  Haoyi Wang 4,  Tianliang Ma 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
  • 2 Department of Orthopaedics, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  • 3 Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
  • 4 Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
  • 5 Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. [email protected].
PMID: 37904168 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02177-7
Abstract

The wear particle-induced dissolution of bone around implants is a significant pathological factor in aseptic loosening, and controlling prosthetic aseptic loosening holds crucial social significance. While human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (HucMSCs-Exos, Exos) have been found to effectively promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis, their role in periprosthetic osteolysis remains unexplored. To enhance their in vivo application, we engineered HucMSCs-Exos-encapsulated poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (PLGA-Exos). In our study, we demonstrate that PLGA-Exos stimulate osteogenic differentiation while inhibiting the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and subsequent osteoclast differentiation in vitro. In vivo imaging revealed that PLGA-Exos released exosomes slowly and maintained a therapeutic concentration. Our in vivo experiments demonstrated that PLGA-Exos effectively suppressed osteolysis induced by polyethylene particles. These findings suggest that PLGA-Exos hold potential as a therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of periprosthetic osteolysis. Furthermore, they provide novel insights for the clinical management of osteolysis.

Keywords

Aseptic loosening; Exosomes; Human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells; PLGA; Periprosthetic osteolysis.

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