Pyroptosis is a lytic inflammatory cell-death pathway executed by gasdermin pores, most classically through inflammasome-mediated activation of caspase-1, cleavage of gasdermin D, membrane pore formation, LDH release, and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. The canonical pathway is commonly modeled by priming cells with an inflammatory signal such as LPS to induce pro-IL-1β and inflammasome components, followed by an activation signal such as ATP or nigericin to activate NLRP3, ASC speck formation, caspase-1 cleavage, GSDMD cleavage, cytokine release, and pyroptotic membrane rupture. The non-canonical pathway is triggered when cytosolic LPS activates mouse caspase-11 or human caspase-4/5, leading to GSDMD cleavage and pyroptosis, and this can secondarily activate NLRP3-dependent IL-1β release. Pyroptosis is linked to inflammatory injury, infection, cancer, liver disease, ocular disease, placental inflammation, and other disease phenotypes, but unresolved questions include which gasdermin fam
Pyroptosis Pathway
Pyroptosis assay is an experimental method used to evaluate cells undergoing pyroptosis, a specific form of cell death. Typically, this involves using techniques such as fluorescent probes, cell morphology observation, or Western blot to detect characteristics of pyroptosis, such as cell membrane rupture, DNA fragmentation, and changes in the expression of specific proteins. Pyroptosis is a controlled form of cell death that regulates inflammation and immune responses. Studying pyroptosis can help to gain a deeper understanding of its role in physiological and pathological processes and related disease mechanisms.
Related Experimental Schemes
