Strain culture is the process of cultivating, propagating and maintaining microbial strains in vitro. This technique is commonly used in microbiological research, industrial fermentation, and biologics production. Culture conditions need to consider the physiological characteristics of microorganisms, including temperature, gas composition, nutrients, etc. The stability and vitality of strains can be maintained through regular passage and culture. Strain culture is widely used in life science research, food industry, medicine and environmental science and other fields, providing a basis for experiments in microbiology and related fields.