CD84/SLAMF5 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, His)

CD84, a member of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family, functions as a self-ligand receptor involved in the intricate regulation of immune responses. Through homo- or heterotypic cell-cell interactions, SLAM receptors, including CD84, modulate the activation and differentiation of diverse immune cells, contributing to the coordination of both innate and adaptive immune responses. The activities of CD84 are intricately controlled by the presence or absence of small cytoplasmic adapter proteins, such as SH2D1A/SAP and SH2D1B/EAT-2. CD84 plays a role in natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, T-cell proliferation, interferon gamma (IFNG) secretion, platelet stimulation, and is implicated as a marker for hematopoietic progenitor cells. Furthermore, CD84 is essential for T-cell:B-cell interactions, optimal T follicular helper function, germinal center formation, and maintenance of B cell tolerance in germinal centers, preventing autoimmunity. In mast cells, CD84 negatively regulates high-affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor signaling, while in macrophages, it positively regulates LPS-induced MAPK phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation. Additionally, CD84 plays a role in enhancing macroautophagy in primary dendritic cells by stabilizing IRF8. CD84 forms homodimers via its extracellular domain and engages in head-to-tail dimers with CD48 molecules from other cells. It interacts with various proteins, including SH2 domain-containing proteins, tyrosine-protein phosphatases, and is subject to complex regulatory mechanisms involving phosphorylation and adapter proteins.