TNF RII/TNFRSF1B Protein, Human (HEK293, hFc)

TNFRII (TNFRSF1B) protein is a single-pass type I membrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family. TNFRII is the major signaling receptor for TNF-α. TNFRII protein is highly regulated and typically found in immune system cells^[1].
The amino acid sequence of mouse TNFRII protein has low homology between human and rhesus macaque TNFRII protein (less than 85%). The amino acid sequence of TNFRII protein in human and rhesus macaque is very similar (percent identity matrix of 95.88%).
TNFRII induces apoptosis. TNFRII does not directly engage the apoptotic program, but relies on the induction of endogenous, membrane-bound TNF, which subsequently activates TNFRI. TNFRII stimulates the action of the endogenously produced membrane-bound TNF on TNFRI is drastically enhanced. TNFRII competes with TNFRI for the recruitment of newly synthesized TRAF2-bound anti-apoptotic factors, thereby promoting the formation of a caspase-8-activating TNFRI complex. TNFRII competes with TNFRI for binding of TRAF2 and the TRAF2-associated anti-apoptotic cIAP1 and cIAP2 proteins. cIAP1-initiated degradation of TRAF2, which in turn enhances receptor competition for the remaining TRAF2, cIAP1 and cIAP2 molecules. cIAP1 would have an anti-apoptotic function upon recruitment into the TNFRI signalling complex, but would switch to a net proapoptotic function upon recruitment into the TNFRII signalling complex^[1][2][3].