Xanthan gum
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Xanthan gum interacts with gelatin (HY-Y1365) via hydrogen bonds, thereby increasing the viscosity and stability of the hydrogel while promoting cell growth and creating a microenvironment conducive to cell differentiation[1][2]. Xanthan gum induces pro-inflammatory responses by increasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Xanthan gum can be used for inflammation and immunology research.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 11138-66-2
-
Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
-
Biological Activity
-
Chemical Information
-
Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
-
Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Xanthan gum (3 %, 0-28 days) exhibits good biocompatibility, as evidenced by increasing metabolic activity of hMSCs without compromising cell viability[1].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 2 days) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels demonstrates a moisture retention of ~95% after hydration at 37°C[2].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 0-24 h) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels shows a swelling ratio that peaks at 3 h and stabilizes until 24 h, and exhibits minimal morphological changes after 1-3 h of crosslinking with 0.3 v/v% glutaraldehyde[2].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 0-10 days) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels displays a hydrolysis profile that peaks at 10 days, and respective porosities of ~65% and ~30%[2].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 0-14 days) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels supports the growth of co-cultured human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as evidenced by a significant increase in cell numbers from day 1 to day 7, with a further increase observed by day 14[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Cell Line:hMSCs
-
Concentration:3%
-
Incubation Time:Day 0, Day 1, Day 4, Day 7
-
Result:Showed decreased viability at Day 1, while the overall viability after Day 4 of the hydrogel system is over 90%, demonstrating cytocompatibility of the proposed hydrogel with gum.
-
Cell Line:hMSCs
-
Concentration:3%
-
Incubation Time:Day 0, Day 3, Day 7, Day 14, Day 21, Day 28
-
Result:Showed a significant increase in cell metabolic activity from Day 0 to Day 3, which stabilized over the longer term of more than one week.
Xanthan gum (5%, p.o., continuous feeding) promotes expansion of R.UCG13 and B. intestinalis in the gut microbiome of Swiss Webster mice[4].
Xanthan gum (5%, p.o., form day0 to day23) maintains the mice microbiota during antibiotic treatment, leading to limited to no C. difficile colonization[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Animal Model:Male Wistar rats (5 weeks old, consumed xanthan gum for 8 weeks) subcutaneously injected with Walker 256 tumor cells[3]
-
Dosage:185 mg/100 g mixed in diet
-
Administration:p.o., daily from 5 to 15 weeks of age
-
Result:Increased IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 in retroperitoneal adipose tissue.
Did not affect the development of Walker 256 tumors in rats.
Showed no significant changes in body weight, total dietary intake, tissue weights or fat and protein contents of the carcasses in rats.
-
Animal Model:Female Swiss Webster mice[4]
-
Dosage:5%
-
Administration:p.o., continuous feeding
-
Result:Promoted the expansion of the primary degrader R.UCG13.
Supported the colonization of an introduced Bacteroides intestinalis strain, enabling it to outcompete the endogenous strain.
Enabled the expansion of B. intestinalis via oligosaccharides released by R.UCG13.
Removal from the diet reduced R.UCG13 abundance, confirming its role in sustaining this bacterium.
-
Animal Model:C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks olds) infected with C. difficile[5]
-
Dosage:5%
-
Administration:p.o., form day 0 to day 23
-
Result:Maintained both diversity and overall abundance of microbes in the gut during Cefoperazone (HY-B0210) administration.
Resulted in a shift in bacterial metabolism marked by significantly higher butyrate and propionate concentrations in mice compared to those on standard chow.
Disrupted 48 of the 112 OTUs that were negatively correlated with Cefoperazone treatment in the standard chow group.
Partially protected the microbiota from the effects of Cefoperazone, and preserved colonization resistance to C. difficile.
Led to a significant reduction in C. difficile colonization levels by day15, compared to standard chow, in the antibiotic cocktail model (Kanamycin (HY-16566), Gentamicin (HY-A0276A), Colistin (HY-A0089), Metronidazole (HY-B0318), and Vancomycin (HY-B0671)).
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
-
CAS No. 11138-66-2
-
Appearance Solid
-
Color White to light yellow
-
SMILES
CC([R4])(C(O)=O)[R6].OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](OOC[C@@H]2[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](CC)[C@H](O)[C@@H]2COC[C@H]3[C@H](COC[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](COC[C@H]5[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[R])[C@@H](CO[R])O5)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O4)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O3)C1.[n]
-
Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 2.5 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)
Purity & Documentation
-
Data Sheet (294 KB)
-
SDS (392 KB)
- English - EN (392 KB)
- Français - FR (392 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (392 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (392 KB)
- Español - ES (392 KB)
- Swedish - SV (392 KB)
- Italian - IT (392 KB)
- Korean - KR (392 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (392 KB)
-
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Li J, et al. Development and systematic characterization of GelMA/alginate/PEGDMA/xanthan gum hydrogel bioink system for extrusion bioprinting. Biomaterials. 2023;293:121969. [Content Brief]
[2]. Piola B, et al. 3D Bioprinting of Gelatin-Xanthan Gum Composite Hydrogels for Growth of Human Skin Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(1):539. Published 2022 Jan 4. [Content Brief]
[3]. Silva Rischiteli AB, et al. A diet including xanthan gum triggers a pro-inflammatory response in Wistar rats inoculated with Walker 256 cells. PLoS One. 2019;14(6):e0218567. Published 2019 Jun 18. [Content Brief]
[4]. Ostrowski MP, et al. Mechanistic insights into consumption of the food additive xanthan gum by the human gut microbiota. Nat Microbiol. 2022;7(4):556-569. [Content Brief]
[5]. Schnizlein MK, et al. Dietary Xanthan Gum Alters Antibiotic Efficacy against the Murine Gut Microbiota and Attenuates Clostridioides difficile Colonization. mSphere. 2020;5(1):e00708-19. Published 2020 Jan 8. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Xanthan gum Related Classifications
HY-A0103 Related Classifications
Powered by Bioz
- Xanthan gum
- 11138-66-2
- Environmental Pollutants
- Biochemical Assay Reagents
- pro-inflammatory factors
- cytokines
- thickening agent
- polysaccharide
- human microbiomes
- interface
- xanthan gum
- diet
- gut microbiota
- dietary fiber
- hydrocolloid
- IL-6
- food chain
- coconut protein
- interaction
- Ruminococcaceae
- Bacteroides intestinalis
- emulsion stabilization
- IL-10
- drug delivery
- stabilizer
- TNF-α
- rheological properties
- adipose tissue
- Walker 256 tumor cells
- tumor development
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit