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  4. Xanthan gum

Xanthan gum interacts with gelatin (HY-Y1365) via hydrogen bonds, thereby increasing the viscosity and stability of the hydrogel while promoting cell growth and creating a microenvironment conducive to cell differentiation[1][2]. Xanthan gum induces pro-inflammatory responses by increasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Xanthan gum can be used for inflammation and immunology research.

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Xanthan gum

Xanthan gum Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 11138-66-2

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Xanthan gum Related Antibodies

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Description

Xanthan gum interacts with gelatin (HY-Y1365) via hydrogen bonds, thereby increasing the viscosity and stability of the hydrogel while promoting cell growth and creating a microenvironment conducive to cell differentiation[1][2]. Xanthan gum induces pro-inflammatory responses by increasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Xanthan gum can be used for inflammation and immunology research[3].

In Vitro

Xanthan gum (3 %, 0-28 days) exhibits good biocompatibility, as evidenced by increasing metabolic activity of hMSCs without compromising cell viability[1].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 2 days) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels demonstrates a moisture retention of ~95% after hydration at 37°C[2].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 0-24 h) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels shows a swelling ratio that peaks at 3 h and stabilizes until 24 h, and exhibits minimal morphological changes after 1-3 h of crosslinking with 0.3 v/v% glutaraldehyde[2].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 0-10 days) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels displays a hydrolysis profile that peaks at 10 days, and respective porosities of ~65% and ~30%[2].
Xanthan gum (1.2 %, 0-14 days) in 2.5Gel3 and 3Gel4 hydrogels supports the growth of co-cultured human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as evidenced by a significant increase in cell numbers from day 1 to day 7, with a further increase observed by day 14[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Xanthan gum Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: hMSCs
Concentration: 3%
Incubation Time: Day 0, Day 1, Day 4, Day 7
Result: Showed decreased viability at Day 1, while the overall viability after Day 4 of the hydrogel system is over 90%, demonstrating cytocompatibility of the proposed hydrogel with gum.

Cell Proliferation Assay[1]

Cell Line: hMSCs
Concentration: 3%
Incubation Time: Day 0, Day 3, Day 7, Day 14, Day 21, Day 28
Result: Showed a significant increase in cell metabolic activity from Day 0 to Day 3, which stabilized over the longer term of more than one week.
In Vivo

Xanthan gum (185 mg/100 g, p.o., daily from 5 to 15 weeks of age) increases pro-inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue but does not affect tumor development in rats inoculated with Walker 256 cells[3].
Xanthan gum (5%, p.o., continuous feeding) promotes expansion of R.UCG13 and B. intestinalis in the gut microbiome of Swiss Webster mice[4].
​ Xanthan gum (5%, p.o., form day0 to day23) maintains the mice microbiota during antibiotic treatment, leading to limited to no C. difficile colonization[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male Wistar rats (5 weeks old, consumed xanthan gum for 8 weeks) subcutaneously injected with Walker 256 tumor cells[3]
Dosage: 185 mg/100 g mixed in diet
Administration: p.o., daily from 5 to 15 weeks of age
Result: Increased IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 in retroperitoneal adipose tissue.
​ Did not affect the development of Walker 256 tumors in rats.
​ Showed no significant changes in body weight, total dietary intake, tissue weights or fat and protein contents of the carcasses in rats.
Animal Model: Female Swiss Webster mice[4]
Dosage: 5%
Administration: p.o., continuous feeding
Result: Promoted the expansion of the primary degrader R.UCG13.
Supported the colonization of an introduced Bacteroides intestinalis strain, enabling it to outcompete the endogenous strain.
Enabled the expansion of B. intestinalis via oligosaccharides released by R.UCG13.
Removal from the diet reduced R.UCG13 abundance, confirming its role in sustaining this bacterium.
Animal Model: C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks olds) infected with C. difficile[5]
Dosage: 5%
Administration: p.o., form day 0 to day 23
Result: ​Maintained both diversity and overall abundance of microbes in the gut during Cefoperazone (HY-B0210) administration.
Resulted in a shift in bacterial metabolism marked by significantly higher butyrate and propionate concentrations in mice compared to those on standard chow.
Disrupted 48 of the 112 OTUs that were negatively correlated with Cefoperazone treatment in the standard chow group.
​ Partially protected the microbiota from the effects of Cefoperazone, and preserved colonization resistance to C. difficile.
Led to a significant reduction in C. difficile colonization levels by day15, compared to standard chow, in the antibiotic cocktail model (Kanamycin (HY-16566​), Gentamicin (HY-A0276A​), Colistin (HY-A0089​), Metronidazole (HY-B0318​), and Vancomycin (HY-B0671​)​).
Clinical Trial
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to light yellow

SMILES

CC([R4])(C(O)=O)[R6].OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](OOC[C@@H]2[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](CC)[C@H](O)[C@@H]2COC[C@H]3[C@H](COC[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](COC[C@H]5[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[R])[C@@H](CO[R])O5)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O4)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O3)C1.[n]
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Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 2.5 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)

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Purity & Documentation

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Xanthan gum Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Xanthan gum11138-66-2Biochemical Assay ReagentsEnvironmental PollutantsEnvironmental Contaminantspro-inflammatory factorscytokinesthickening agentpolysaccharidehuman microbiomesinterfacexanthan gumdietgut microbiotadietary fiberhydrocolloidIL-6food chaincoconut proteininteractionRuminococcaceaeBacteroides intestinalisemulsion stabilizationIL-10drug deliverystabilizerTNF-αrheological propertiesadipose tissueWalker 256 tumor cellstumor developmentInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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