Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1

Definition:

Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine. Channel opening is also triggered by taurine and beta-alanine. Channel characteristics depend on the subunit composition; heteropentameric channels are activated by lower glycine levels and display faster desensitization. Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability. Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Channel activity is potentiated by ethanol. Potentiation of channel activity by intoxicating levels of ethanol contribute to the sedative effects of ethanol (By similarity).

References:

[1]. Nela Durisic, et al. Stoichiometry of the human glycine receptor revealed by direct subunit counting. J Neurosci. 2012 Sep 12;32(37):12915-20. [Content Brief]

[2]. Paul S Miller, et al. Molecular basis for zinc potentiation at strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors. J Biol Chem. 2005 Nov 11;280(45):37877-84. [Content Brief]

[3]. B Mohammadi, et al. Kinetic analysis of recombinant mammalian alpha(1) and alpha(1)beta glycine receptor channels. Eur Biophys J. 2003 Sep;32(6):529-36. [Content Brief]

[4]. David D Mowrey, et al. Open-channel structures of the human glycine receptor α1 full-length transmembrane domain. Structure. 2013 Oct 8;21(10):1897-904. [Content Brief]

[5]. Zhe Yang, et al. Stoichiometry and subunit arrangement of α1β glycine receptors as determined by atomic force microscopy. Biochemistry. 2012 Jul 3;51(26):5229-31. [Content Brief]

[6]. Yan Zhang, et al. Functional reconstitution of glycinergic synapses incorporating defined glycine receptor subunit combinations. Neuropharmacology. 2015 Feb;89:391-7. [Content Brief]

[7]. S G Ryan, et al. A missense mutation in the gene encoding the alpha 1 subunit of the inhibitory glycine receptor in the spasmodic mouse. Nat Genet. 1994 Jun;7(2):131-5. [Content Brief]

[8]. R Shiang, et al. Mutations in the alpha 1 subunit of the inhibitory glycine receptor cause the dominant neurologic disorder, hyperekplexia. Nat Genet. 1993 Dec;5(4):351-8. [Content Brief]

[9]. Suzzane Horani, et al. Ethanol Modulation is Quantitatively Determined by the Transmembrane Domain of Human α1 Glycine Receptors. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2015 Jun;39(6):962-8. [Content Brief]

[10]. D Langosch, et al. Decreased agonist affinity and chloride conductance of mutant glycine receptors associated with human hereditary hyperekplexia. EMBO J. 1994 Sep 15;13(18):4223-8. [Content Brief]

[11]. Gustavo Moraga-Cid, et al. Allosteric and hyperekplexic mutant phenotypes investigated on an α1 glycine receptor transmembrane structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Mar 3;112(9):2865-70. [Content Brief]

[12]. J W Lynch, et al. Identification of intracellular and extracellular domains mediating signal transduction in the inhibitory glycine receptor chloride channel. EMBO J. 1997 Jan 2;16(1):110-20. [Content Brief]

[13]. G Grenningloh, et al. Alpha subunit variants of the human glycine receptor: primary structures, functional expression and chromosomal localization of the corresponding genes. EMBO J. 1990 Mar;9(3):771-6. [Content Brief]

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