2. Academic Validation
  3. Structural basis for IL-12 and IL-23 receptor sharing reveals a gateway for shaping actions on T versus NK cells

Structural basis for IL-12 and IL-23 receptor sharing reveals a gateway for shaping actions on T versus NK cells

  • Cell. 2021 Feb 18;184(4):983-999.e24. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.018.
Caleb R Glassman 1,  Yamuna Kalyani Mathiharan 2,  Kevin M Jude 3,  Leon Su 2,  Ouliana Panova 2,  Patrick J Lupardus 2,  Jamie B Spangler 2,  Lauren K Ely 2,  Christoph Thomas 2,  Georgios Skiniotis 2,  K Christopher Garcia 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
  • 2 Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
  • 3 Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
  • 4 Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 33606986 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.018
Abstract

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23 are heterodimeric cytokines that are produced by antigen-presenting cells to regulate the activation and differentiation of lymphocytes, and they share IL-12Rβ1 as a receptor signaling subunit. We present a crystal structure of the quaternary IL-23 (IL-23p19/p40)/IL-23R/IL-12Rβ1 complex, together with cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps of the complete IL-12 (IL-12p35/p40)/IL-12Rβ2/IL-12Rβ1 and IL-23 Receptor (IL-23R) complexes, which reveal "non-canonical" topologies where IL-12Rβ1 directly engages the common p40 subunit. We targeted the shared IL-12Rβ1/p40 interface to design a panel of IL-12 partial agonists that preserved interferon gamma (IFNγ) induction by CD8+ T cells but impaired cytokine production from natural killer (NK) cells in vitro. These cell-biased properties were recapitulated in vivo, where IL-12 partial agonists elicited anti-tumor immunity to MC-38 murine adenocarcinoma absent the NK-cell-mediated toxicity seen with wild-type IL-12. Thus, the structural mechanism of receptor sharing used by IL-12 family cytokines provides a protein interface blueprint for tuning this cytokine axis for therapeutics.

Keywords

IL-12; IL-23; immunology; receptor biology; signaling; structural biology.

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