2. Academic Validation
  3. Maltohexaose-indocyanine green (MH-ICG) for near infrared imaging of endocarditis

Maltohexaose-indocyanine green (MH-ICG) for near infrared imaging of endocarditis

  • PLoS One. 2021 Mar 1;16(3):e0247673. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247673.
Kiyoko Takemiya 1,  Joachim J Røise 2 3,  Maomao He 2,  Chung Taing 3,  Alexander G Rodriguez 1,  Niren Murthy 2,  Mark M Goodman 4,  W Robert Taylor 1 5 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United states of America.
  • 2 Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
  • 3 Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
  • 4 Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory Center for Systems Imaging, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United states of America.
  • 5 Cardiology Division, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United states of America.
  • 6 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United states of America.
PMID: 33647027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247673
Abstract

Infectious endocarditis is a life-threatening disease, and diagnostics are urgently needed to accurately diagnose this disease especially in the case of prosthetic valve endocarditis. We show here that maltohexaose conjugated to indocyanine green (MH-ICG) can detect Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Infection in a rat model of infective endocarditis. The affinity of MH-ICG to S. aureus was determined and had a Km and Vmax of 5.4 μM and 3.0 X 10-6 μmol/minutes/108 CFU, respectively. MH-ICG had no detectable toxicity to mammalian cells at concentrations as high as 100 μM. The in vivo efficiency of MH-ICG in rats was evaluated using a right heart endocarditis model, and the accumulation of MH-ICG in the Bacterial vegetations was 2.5 ± 0.2 times higher than that in the control left ventricular wall. The biological half-life of MH-ICG in healthy rats was 14.0 ± 1.3 minutes, and approximately 50% of injected MH-ICG was excreted into the feces after 24 hours. These data demonstrate that MH-ICG was internalized by bacteria with high specificity and that MH-ICG specifically accumulated in Bacterial vegetations in a rat model of endocarditis. These results demonstrate the potential efficacy of this agent in the detection of infective endocarditis.

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