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  2. Immune Checkpoint Proteins CD Antigens
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  4. PD-1
  5. PD-1 Protein, Human (C93S, HEK293, His)

PD-1 Protein, Human (C93S, HEK293, His)

Cat. No.: HY-P70799
COA Handling Instructions

PD-1 protein, an inhibitory receptor on T-cells, maintains immune tolerance by binding to CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2. It hinders T-cell activation by associating with CD3-TCR and recruiting PTPN11/SHP-2 for dephosphorylation of key signaling molecules. Tumors exploit PD-1 to weaken anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting CTLs. Blocking PD-1 pathway reverses exhausted T-cell phenotype and enhances anti-tumor response, supporting cancer immunotherapy. PD-1 Protein, Human (C93S, HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived PD-1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag and C93S mutation. The total length of PD-1 Protein, Human (C93S, HEK293, His) is 143 a.a., with molecular weight of 23-38 kDa.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

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10 μg $107 In-stock
50 μg $300 In-stock
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Description

PD-1 protein, an inhibitory receptor on T-cells, maintains immune tolerance by binding to CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2. It hinders T-cell activation by associating with CD3-TCR and recruiting PTPN11/SHP-2 for dephosphorylation of key signaling molecules. Tumors exploit PD-1 to weaken anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting CTLs. Blocking PD-1 pathway reverses exhausted T-cell phenotype and enhances anti-tumor response, supporting cancer immunotherapy. PD-1 Protein, Human (C93S, HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived PD-1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag and C93S mutation. The total length of PD-1 Protein, Human (C93S, HEK293, His) is 143 a.a., with molecular weight of 23-38 kDa.

Background

PD-1 protein functions as an inhibitory receptor on antigen-activated T-cells, playing a crucial role in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. Upon binding to its ligands CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2, PD-1 delivers inhibitory signals and associates with CD3-TCR in the immunological synapse, directly impeding T-cell activation. This inhibitory action is further executed through the recruitment of PTPN11/SHP-2, leading to the dephosphorylation of key TCR proximal signaling molecules. Exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity, PD-1's interaction with CD274/PDCD1L1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function. Blockage of the PD-1-mediated pathway has shown promise in reversing the exhausted T-cell phenotype and normalizing the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy.

Biological Activity

2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) of immobilized Human PD-1-His can bind Anti-Human PD-1 with an ED50 value of 11.55 ng/mL, corresponding to an affinity constant of 4.97 nM.

Species

Human

Source

HEK293

Tag

C-6*His

Accession

Q15116 (L25-Q167,C93S)

Gene ID
Molecular Construction
N-term
PD-1 (L25-Q167,C93S)
Accession # Q15116
6*His
C-term
Synonyms
Programmed cell death protein 1; PDCD1; PD-1; hPD-1; CD279
AA Sequence

LDSPDRPWNPPTFSPALLVVTEGDNATFTCSFSNTSESFVLNWYRMSPSNQTDKLAAFPEDRSQPGQDSRFRVTQLPNGRDFHMSVVRARRNDSGTYLCGAISLAPKAQIKESLRAELRVTERRAEVPTAHPSPSPRPAGQFQ

Molecular Weight

23-38 kDa

Purity

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Appearance

Lyophilized powder.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.

Endotoxin Level

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Reconstitution

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH2O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Storage & Stability

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US;may vary elsewhere.

Documentation
Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

  • Reconstitution Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

  • Specific Activity Calculator

The reconstitution calculator equation

Volume (to add to vial) = Mass (in vial) ÷ Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Volume (to add to vial) = Mass (in vial) ÷ Desired Reconstitution Concentration
= ÷

The dilution calculator equation

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
× = ×
C1   V1   C2   V2

The specific activity calculator equation

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)
Unit/mg = 106 ÷ ng/mL

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Product Name:
PD-1 Protein, Human (C93S, HEK293, His)
Cat. No.:
HY-P70799
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