2. Academic Validation
  3. Macrophage extracellular trap formation promoted by platelet activation is a key mediator of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury

Macrophage extracellular trap formation promoted by platelet activation is a key mediator of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury

  • Nat Med. 2018 Feb;24(2):232-238. doi: 10.1038/nm.4462.
Koshu Okubo 1 2,  Miho Kurosawa 2,  Mako Kamiya 3,  Yasuteru Urano 3,  Akari Suzuki 4,  Kazuhiko Yamamoto 4 5,  Koji Hase 6 7,  Koichiro Homma 8,  Junichi Sasaki 8,  Hiroaki Miyauchi 2,  Tatsuo Hoshino 9,  Matsuhiko Hayashi 1 2,  Tanya N Mayadas 10,  Junichi Hirahashi 1 2
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Apheresis and Dialysis Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 2 Center for General Medicine Education, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 3 Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 4 Laboratory for Autoimmune Diseases, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.
  • 5 Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 6 Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 7 Division of Mucosal Biology, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 8 Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
  • 9 NRL Pharma, Inc., Kawasaki, Japan.
  • 10 Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
PMID: 29309057 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4462
Abstract

Rhabdomyolysis is a serious syndrome caused by skeletal muscle injury and the subsequent release of breakdown products from damaged muscle cells into systemic circulation. The muscle damage most often results from strenuous exercise, muscle hypoxia, medications, or drug abuse and can lead to life-threatening complications, such as acute kidney injury (AKI). Rhabdomyolysis and the AKI complication can also occur during crush syndrome, an emergency condition that commonly occurs in victims of natural disasters, such as earthquakes, and man-made disasters, such as wars and terrorism. Myoglobin released from damaged muscle is believed to trigger renal dysfunction in this form of AKI. Recently, macrophages were implicated in the disease pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI, but the precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we show that macrophages released extracellular traps (ETs) comprising DNA fibers and granule proteins in a mouse model of rhabdomyolysis. Heme-activated platelets released from necrotic muscle cells during rhabdomyolysis enhanced the production of macrophage extracellular traps (METs) through increasing intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species generation and histone citrullination. Here we report, for the first time to our knowledge, this unanticipated role for METs and platelets as a sensor of myoglobin-derived heme in rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. This previously unknown mechanism might be targeted for treatment of the disease. Finally, we found a new therapeutic tool for prevention of AKI after rhabdomyolysis, which might rescue some sufferers of this pathology.

Figures
Products