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  3. JC-1

JC-1 (CBIC2) is an ideal fluorescent probe widely used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential. JC-1 accumulates in mitochondria in a potential dependent manner and can be used to detect the membrane potential of cells, tissues or purified mitochondria. In normal mitochondria, JC-1 aggregates in the mitochondrial matrix to form a polymer, which emits strong red fluorescence (Ex=585nm, Em=590nm); When the mitochondrial membrane potential is low, JC-1 cannot aggregate in the matrix of mitochondria and produce green fluorescence (ex=514nm, em=529nm).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

JC-1 Chemical Structure

JC-1 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 3520-43-2

Size Price Stock Quantity
2 mg USD 106 In-stock
5 mg USD 198 In-stock
10 mg USD 330 In-stock
50 mg USD 1408 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 104 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

95 Publications Citing Use of MCE JC-1

IF

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2022 Aug 11;21:20-31.  [Abstract]

    JC-1 (20 min at 37 °C in dark) staining is used to analyze mitochondrial membrane in H9C2 cells.

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: ACS Nano. 2022 Mar 28.  [Abstract]

    To investigate the mitochondrial membrane potential, ACCO is stained with JC-1 for 30 min, washed with PBS, and analyzed by flow cytometry using 488 nm excitation with 530/30 and 585/42 nm band-pass filters.

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pharmacol Res. 2022 May;179:106123.  [Abstract]

    Mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) is measured with fluorochrome dye JC-1 (15 μM; 37 °C for 30 min in darkness). Flow cytometry is used to measure red (aggregation of JC-1) and green (monomeric JC-1) fluorescence intensity in HUVECs.

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Small. 2021 Aug;17(32):e2101368.  [Abstract]

    Laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy images of JC-1, LysoTracker Red DND-99, and AO staining for determining mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosomal deacidification, and lysosomal membrane permeabilization, respectively.

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Small. 2021 Feb;17(7):e2005865.  [Abstract]

    In 4T1 cells, A549 cells, and HeLa cells, cells are treated with JC-1 (5 µg/mL) for 20 min in the darkness, the fluorescence is observed by flow cytometry and the fluorescent color of the cells was observed with a fluorescence microscope, respectively

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Small. 2021 Feb;17(7):e2005865.  [Abstract]

    In 4T1 cells, A549 cells, and HeLa cells, cells are treated with JC-1 (5 µg/mL) for 20 min in the darkness, the fluorescence is observed by flow cytometry and the fluorescent color of the cells was observed with a fluorescence microscope, respectively

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Cancer. 2019 Apr 10;18(1):85.  [Abstract]

    KRA-533 induces caspase 3 activation and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential in NSCLC cells. The measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential by JC-1 staining.

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Small. 2019 Sep;15(36):e1902642.  [Abstract]

    H9C2 cells are rinsed with pre-cooled PBS for 3 times and collected in PBS buffer containing 10 µg/mL JC-1 probe. After incubation for 20 min in dark place, cells are rinsed with PBS twice by centrifugation to remove the supernatant. Finally, H9C2 cell pellets suspended in PBS are analyzed by a flow cytometric analyzer.

    JC-1 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: New J Chem. 2017 41(23).

    Measurement of mitochondria membrane potential by JC-1 staining. HeLa cells are incubated with or without WOs for 24 h, followed by NIR irradiation for NIR and WOs + NIR groups.
    • Biological Activity

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    Description

    JC-1 (CBIC2) is an ideal fluorescent probe widely used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential. JC-1 accumulates in mitochondria in a potential dependent manner and can be used to detect the membrane potential of cells, tissues or purified mitochondria. In normal mitochondria, JC-1 aggregates in the mitochondrial matrix to form a polymer, which emits strong red fluorescence (Ex=585nm, Em=590nm); When the mitochondrial membrane potential is low, JC-1 cannot aggregate in the matrix of mitochondria and produce green fluorescence (ex=514nm, em=529nm)[1].

    In Vitro

    JC-1 staining
    a. Take the 6-well plate as an example for cell planking, and the density is 5×105/mL. Incubate overnight in 5% CO2 incubator at 37℃.
    Note: it is suggested that the cell density during apoptosis induction should not exceed 1×106/ml, which can also be cultured to the appropriate density according to your own cell type.
    b. Take 0.5 mL suspension into sterile centrifuge tube; 400 g centrifugation for 3-5 min; Discard the supernatant.
    c. The cells were resuspended with 1mljc-1 working solution and incubated in 5% CO2 incubator at 37℃for 15-30 min.
    d. Centrifugation at room temperature for 5 min at 400 g; Suck of the supernatant.
    e. The cells were resuspended with 2 mL cell culture medium or buffer, and then centrifuged at room temperature for 5 min at 400 g; Discard the supernatant and repeat twice.
    f. Resuspend the cells with 1mL of fresh culture medium or buffer, and immediately conduct subsequent flow cytometry or fluorescence microscope observation.
    g. Data analysis (flow cytometry) : mitochondria of healthy cells containing red JC-1 aggregates were detected by FL2 channel; Apoptotic or unhealthy cells containing green JC-1 monomer were detected by FL1 (FITC) channel.
    h. If used for enzyme labeling instrument, use 300 μL buffer resuspended cells; Then 100 per hole μ Transfer the stained cells to a light tight 96 well plate with the amount of L, and then conduct fluorescent enzyme label plate analysis.

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Molecular Weight

    652.23

    Formula

    C25H27Cl4IN4

    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Purple to purplish red

    Emission (Em)

    527/590

    Excitation (Ex)

    490

    SMILES

    ClC1=C(Cl)C=C([N+](CC)=C(/C=C/C=C2N(C(C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C3)=C3N\2CC)CC)N4CC)C4=C1.[I-]

    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 5 mg/mL (7.67 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.5332 mL 7.6660 mL 15.3320 mL
    5 mM 0.3066 mL 1.5332 mL 3.0664 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: 1.25 mg/mL (1.92 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

      This protocol yields a suspended solution of 1.25 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: 1.25 mg/mL (1.92 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

      This protocol yields a suspended solution of 1.25 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.0%

    Dyeing Example
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 1.5332 mL 7.6660 mL 15.3320 mL 38.3300 mL
    5 mM 0.3066 mL 1.5332 mL 3.0664 mL 7.6660 mL
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    JC-1 Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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    Product Name:
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    Cat. No.:
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