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Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 5

Definition:

Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The CFIm complex acts as a key regulator of cleavage and polyadenylation site choice during APA through its binding to 5'-UGUA-3' elements localized in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) for a huge number of pre-mRNAs. NUDT21/CPSF5 activates indirectly the mRNA 3'-processing machinery by recruiting CPSF6 and/or CPSF7. Binds to 5'-UGUA-3' elements localized upstream of pA signals that act as enhancers of pre-mRNA 3'-end processing. The homodimer mediates simultaneous sequence-specific recognition of two 5'-UGUA-3' elements within the pre-mRNA. Plays a role in somatic cell fate transitions and pluripotency by regulating widespread changes in gene expression through an APA-dependent function (By similarity). Binds to chromatin (By similarity). Binds to, but does not hydrolyze mono- and di-adenosine nucleotides.

References:

[1]. Andreas R Gruber, et al. Cleavage factor Im is a key regulator of 3' UTR length. RNA Biol. 2012 Dec;9(12):1405-12. [Content Brief]

[2]. Molly Coseno, et al. Crystal structure of the 25 kDa subunit of human cleavage factor Im. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jun;36(10):3474-83. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kirk M Brown, et al. A mechanism for the regulation of pre-mRNA 3' processing by human cleavage factor Im. Mol Cell. 2003 Dec;12(6):1467-76. [Content Brief]

[4]. Yong Zhu, et al. Molecular Mechanisms for CFIm-Mediated Regulation of mRNA Alternative Polyadenylation. Mol Cell. 2018 Jan 4;69(1):62-74.e4. [Content Brief]

[5]. Stefania Millevoi, et al. An interaction between U2AF 65 and CF I(m) links the splicing and 3' end processing machineries. EMBO J. 2006 Oct 18;25(20):4854-64. [Content Brief]

[6]. Sol Kim, et al. Evidence that cleavage factor Im is a heterotetrameric protein complex controlling alternative polyadenylation. Genes Cells. 2010 Sep 1;15(9):1003-13. [Content Brief]

[7]. Tomohiro Kubo, et al. Knock-down of 25 kDa subunit of cleavage factor Im in Hela cells alters alternative polyadenylation within 3'-UTRs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2006;34(21):6264-71. [Content Brief]

[8]. Krishnan Venkataraman, et al. Analysis of a noncanonical poly(A) site reveals a tripartite mechanism for vertebrate poly(A) site recognition. Genes Dev. 2005 Jun 1;19(11):1315-27. [Content Brief]

[9]. U Rüegsegger, et al. Human pre-mRNA cleavage factor Im is related to spliceosomal SR proteins and can be reconstituted in vitro from recombinant subunits. Mol Cell. 1998 Jan;1(2):243-53. [Content Brief]

[10]. U Rüegsegger, et al. Purification and characterization of human cleavage factor Im involved in the 3' end processing of messenger RNA precursors. J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 15;271(11):6107-13. [Content Brief]

[11]. Qin Yang, et al. Crystal structure of a human cleavage factor CFI(m)25/CFI(m)68/RNA complex provides an insight into poly(A) site recognition and RNA looping. Structure. 2011 Mar 9;19(3):368-77. [Content Brief]

[12]. Georges Martin, et al. Genome-wide analysis of pre-mRNA 3' end processing reveals a decisive role of human cleavage factor I in the regulation of 3' UTR length. Cell Rep. 2012 Jun 28;1(6):753-63. [Content Brief]

[13]. Qin Yang, et al. Structural basis of UGUA recognition by the Nudix protein CFI(m)25 and implications for a regulatory role in mRNA 3' processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jun 1;107(22):10062-7. [Content Brief]

[14]. Sabine Dettwiler, et al. Distinct sequence motifs within the 68-kDa subunit of cleavage factor Im mediate RNA binding, protein-protein interactions, and subcellular localization. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 20;279(34):35788-97. [Content Brief]

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