DNA polymerase

Definition

DNA polymerases are essential enzymes responsible for replication and repair of DNA in all organisms. Based on sequence homology, DNA polymerases have distinct families, including A, B, X, and Y. To replicate DNA with high fidelity, DNA polymerases must select the correct incoming nucleotide substrate during each cycle of nucleotide incorporation, in accordance with the templating base. When an incorrect nucleotide is sometimes inserted, the polymerase uses a separate 3'→5' exonuclease to remove the misincorporated base (proofreading).

References:

[1]. Dipayan Ghosh, et al. 20 years of DNA Polymerase μ, the polymerase that still surprises. FEBS J. 2021 Dec;288(24):7230-7242. [Content Brief]

[2]. Joshua P Gill, et al. DNA polymerase activity at the single-molecule level. Biochem Soc Trans. 2011 Apr;39(2):595-9. [Content Brief]

生物医学辞典

生物医学辞典は、生物学の学術用語と専門データの包括的で専門的なデータベースです。すべての説明は、権威ある書籍や高いＩＦの文献に基づいており、知りたい生物医学用語の正確な説明を得ることができます。

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