Detection of a novel missense mutations in atrichia with papular lesions

Background: Atrichia with papular lesions (APL) is a rare inherited disease characterized by early onset of total hair loss, followed by papular lesions over the extensor areas of the body. Recently, mutations in the human hairless (HR) gene have been implicated in its pathogenesis. The identification of mutations in the HR gene is important for differentiating between APL and alopecia universalis (AU).

Objective: We compared the HR genes of patients with presumed AU who showed minimal or no response to treatment with the HR genes of healthy controls.

Methods: The subjects were 11 patients with presumed AU who had not responded to treatments. Fifty healthy people were included as controls for molecular analysis. To screen for mutations, polymerase chain reaction was performed.

Results: DNA analysis identified a novel heterozygous G-to-A transition at nucleotide position 191 in exon 5. The mutation was not found in the controls, other AU patients, or any unaffected family members except for the patients' mother and maternal grandfather, who were heterozygous HR gene carriers.

Conclusion: Our study identifies a novel missense mutation in exon 5 of the HR gene in a Korean APL patient previously diagnosed as AU.

Alopecia universalis; Atrichia with popular lesions; Hairless gene; Missense mutation.