2. Academic Validation
  3. Hydroxylation and hydrolysis: two main metabolic ways of spiramycin I in anaerobic digestion

Hydroxylation and hydrolysis: two main metabolic ways of spiramycin I in anaerobic digestion

  • Bioresour Technol. 2014 Feb;153:95-100. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.073.
Pei Zhu 1,  Daijie Chen 2,  Wenbin Liu 2,  Jianbin Zhang 2,  Lei Shao 2,  Ji-an Li 2,  Ju Chu 3
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, PR China.
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 24345568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.073
Abstract

The anaerobic degradation behaviors of five macrolides including spiramycin I, II, III, midecamycin and josamycin by sludge were investigated. Within 32days, 95% of spiramycin I, II or III was degraded, while the remove rate of midecamycin or josamycin was 75%. SPM I degradation was much higher in nutrition supplementation than that just in sludge. The degradation products and processes of spiramycin I were further characterized. Three molecules, designated P-1, P-2 and P-3 according to their order of occurrence, were obtained and purified. Structural determination was then performed by nuclear magnetic resonance and MS/MS spectra, and data indicated that hydroxylation and hydrolysis were main reactions during the anaerobic digestion of spiramycin I. P-1 is the intermediate of hydroxylation, and P-2 is the intermediate of hydrolysis. P-3 is the final product of the both reaction. This study revealed a hydroxylation and hydrolysis mechanism of Macrolide in anaerobic digestion.

Keywords

Anaerobic degradation; Hydrolysis; Hydroxylation; Spiramycin.

Figures
Products