2. Academic Validation
  3. Novel Variant in PLAG1 in a Familial Case with Silver-Russell Syndrome Suspicion

Novel Variant in PLAG1 in a Familial Case with Silver-Russell Syndrome Suspicion

  • Genes (Basel). 2020 Dec 5;11(12):1461. doi: 10.3390/genes11121461.
Yerai Vado 1 2,  Arrate Pereda 1,  Isabel Llano-Rivas 3,  Nerea Gorria-Redondo 4,  Ignacio Díez 5,  Guiomar Perez de Nanclares 1
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Rare Diseases Research Group, Molecular (Epi) Genetics Laboratory, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Araba University Hospital-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01009 Araba, Spain.
  • 2 NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01006 Araba, Spain.
  • 3 Service of Genetics, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, 48903 Bizkaia, Spain.
  • 4 Service of Paediatric Neurology, Araba University Hospital, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01009 Araba, Spain.
  • 5 Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Araba University Hospital-Txagorritxu, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
PMID: 33291420 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121461
Abstract

Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a rare growth-related genetic disorder that is mainly associated with prenatal and postnatal growth retardation. Molecular causes are not clear in all cases, the most common ones being loss of methylation on chromosome 11p15 (≈50%) and maternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 7 (upd(7)mat) (≈10%). However, pathogenic variants in genes such as CDKN1C, HMGA2, IGF2, or PLAG1 have also been described. Previously, two families and one sporadic case have been reported with PLAG1 alterations. Here, we present a case of a female with clinical suspicion of SRS (i.e., intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, triangular face, psychomotor delay, speech delay, feeding difficulties). No alterations in methylation or copy number were detected at chromosomes 11p15 and 7 using methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA). The custom panel study by next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed a frameshift variant in the PLAG1 gene (NM_002655.3:c.551delA; p.(Lys184Serfs *45)). Familial studies confirmed that the variant was inherited from the mother and it was also present in other family members. New evidence of pathogenic alterations in the HMGA2-PLAG1-IGF2 pathway suggest the importance of studying and taking into account these genes as alternative molecular causes of Silver-Russell syndrome.

Keywords

HMGA2-PLAG1-IGF2 pathway; PLAG1; Silver–Russell syndrome.

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