Ergone Derivatives from the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus YPGA10 and 25,28-Dihydroxyergone-Induced Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer SW620 Cells

Ten new ergone derivatives (1-10) and five known analogues (11-15) were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Aspergillus terreus YPGA10. The structures including the absolute configurations were established by detailed analysis of the NMR spectroscopic data, HRESIMS, ECD calculation, and coupling constant calculation. All the structures are characterized by a highly conjugated 25-hydroxyergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one nucleus. Structurally, compound 2 bearing a 15-carbonyl group and compounds 5-7 possessing a 15β-OH/OCH₃ group are rarely encountered in ergone derivatives. Bioassay results showed that compounds 1 and 11 demonstrated cytotoxic effects on human colon Cancer SW620 cells with IC₅₀ values of 8.4 and 3.1 μM, respectively. Notably, both compounds exhibited negligible cytotoxicity on the human normal lung epithelial cell BEAS-2B. Compound 11 was selected for preliminary mechanistic study and was found to inhibit cell proliferation and induce Apoptosis in human colon Cancer SW620 cells. In addition, compound 1 displayed cytotoxic activity against five human leukemia cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 5.7 to 8.9 μM. Our study demonstrated that compound 11 may serve as a potential candidate for the development of anticolorectal Cancer agents.