2. 疾患領域
  3. Metabolic or Endocrine Disease
  4. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Regulation
  5. SIADH

SIADH

SIADH is an endocrine disorder characterized by excessive and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the neurohypophysis, leading to water retention, dilutional hyponatremia, and impaired urinary dilution. It results from dysregulation of ADH release, often due to underlying conditions such as malignancies, pulmonary diseases, central nervous system disorders, or medications. Clinical manifestations include symptoms of hyponatremia such as headache, nausea, confusion, seizures, and in severe cases, coma. Diagnosis involves identifying inappropriately concentrated urine despite low serum osmolality and hypo-osmolar plasma. Management focuses on fluid restriction, correction of sodium levels, and addressing the underlying cause, with treatment strategies tailored to severity and etiology.