Cat. No.: HY-B0535

Ethambutol

4 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 4 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Ethambutol is an antimycobacterial compound that prevents cell wall formation by inhibiting arabinosyltransferase activity. Ethambutol can be used to establish animal models of hyperuricemia and optic neuropathy.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.0%
CAS No.: 74-55-5
Formula: C₁₀H₂₄N₂O₂
Molecular Weight:204.31

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Ethambutol Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 74-55-5

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- Cellular Effect
- Induced Disease Models
Chemical Information
Publications (4)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All Antibiotic Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
BMDM	CC₅₀	100 μg/mL Compound: Ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against Swiss mouse BMDM assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against Swiss mouse BMDM assessed as reduction in cell viability after 24 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 28712709]
HepG2	CC₅₀	>400 μg/mL Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33940463]
HepG2	CC₅₀	>1444 μM Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell population incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell population incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 37399709]
J774.A1	CC₅₀	>1444 μM Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against mouse J774.A1 cells assessed as reduction in cell population incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse J774.A1 cells assessed as reduction in cell population incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 37399709]
MRC5	CC₅₀	>10 μg/mL Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells after 24 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells after 24 hrs	[PMID: 26254828]
RAW264.7	CC₅₀	≥400 μg/mL Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33940463]
THP-1	EC₅₀	5.38 mg/L Compound: Ethambutol	Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium ATCC 700898 infected in human THP1 cells assessed as extracellular bacterial killing after 7 days Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium ATCC 700898 infected in human THP1 cells assessed as extracellular bacterial killing after 7 days	[PMID: 20231389]
THP-1	EC₅₀	7.93 mg/L Compound: Ethambutol	Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium ATCC 700898 infected in human THP1 cells assessed as intracellular bacterial killing after 7 days Antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium ATCC 700898 infected in human THP1 cells assessed as intracellular bacterial killing after 7 days	[PMID: 20231389]
Vero	IC₅₀	>62.5 μg/mL Compound: Etha	Cytotoxicity against Vero cell line Cytotoxicity against Vero cell line	[PMID: 16759086]
Vero	IC₅₀	>305.9 μM Compound: ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 17276683]
Vero	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against Vero cells Cytotoxicity against Vero cells	[PMID: 17562368]
Vero	IC₅₀	>150 μg/mL Compound: ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 48 hrs by XTT method Cytotoxicity against Vero cells after 48 hrs by XTT method	[PMID: 17888665]
Vero	IC₅₀	>305.9 μM Compound: Ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 19942326]
Vero	CC₅₀	1470 μM Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 21376586]
Vero	CC₅₀	>500 μM Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 22626551]
Vero	IC₅₀	>62.5 μg/mL Compound: Ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23352268]
Vero	CC₅₀	38.51 μg/mL Compound: A, ETB	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by resazurin assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells after 72 hrs by resazurin assay	[PMID: 23474387]
Vero	IC₅₀	>50 μg/mL Compound: Ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24044875]
Vero	IC₅₀	>62.5 μg/mL Compound: Ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24721315]
Vero	IC₅₀	>6.25 μg/mL Compound: Ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against monkey Vero cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against monkey Vero cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28552337]
Vero	IC₅₀	390.93 μg/mL Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by trypan blue staining based assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 24 hrs by trypan blue staining based assay	[PMID: 28844400]
Vero	IC₅₀	>200 μg/mL Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 30145051]
Vero	CC₅₀	641 μM Compound: EMB	Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell population incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against African green monkey Vero cells assessed as reduction in cell population incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 37399709]
Vero	CC₅₀	>188.5 μM Compound: Ethambutol	Cytotoxicity against Chlorocebus aethiops (African green monkey) Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hr by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against Chlorocebus aethiops (African green monkey) Vero cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hr by MTT assay	10.1007/s00044-011-9638-9

Induced Disease Models

Note:
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.

Ethambutol can be used in animal modeling to build a model of hyperuricemia.

1. Induction of Hyperuricaemic Disease^[4]^[5]

Background

Elevated uric acid levels can lead to crystal deposition and may cause gout, urolithiasis, and urate nephropathy. Ethambutol can cause increased uric acid levels by reducing renal uric acid clearance, ultimately leading to hyperuricemia

Specific Modeling Methods

Rat^[4]: Male • Wistar rats • SPF • 200-220 g
Administration: 250 mg/kg • intragastric administration • once daily for 23 days

Note

(1) Ethambutol-induced hyperuricemia model should be combined with adenine (HY-B0152) (100 mg/kg; gavage) to achieve better model construction effect^[4].
(2) Some compounds can synergistically promote uric acid production, such as: Ethanol and Vitamin B12 (HY-B0315)^[5].
(3) Ethambutol-induced hyperuricemia model can be controlled by xanthine oxidase inhibitors.

Modeling Indicators

Molecular changes: URAT1 level in kidney homogenate ↑, OAT1 level ↓.

Physiological changes: Serum uric acid level ↑; sparse cells, tissue cell number ↑, lymphocyte number ↓.

Pathological changes: Pathological damage and inflammatory response in the thymus and spleen; thymus atrophy, cortical medullary fusion; splenic sinus congestion, with iron-yellow deposits.

Opposite Product(s): Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors

2. Induction of Optic Neuropathy^[6]

Background

Ethambutol treatment can cause binocular toxicity at certain doses and durations. There is currently no clear treatment to prevent damage to retinal neuronal cells in cases of Ethhambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON).

Specific Modeling Methods

Rat: Wistar rats
Administration: 35 mg/kg/day (Ethambutol) • po • 30 days

Modeling Indicators

Molecular changes: Bcl-2, Caspase-3 expression levels ↑.

Pathological indicators: Ganglion cell damage, increased density of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs); thickening of the RGC cell layer due to vacuoles formed in the ganglion cell cytoplasm.

Opposite Product(s): Citicoline (HY-B0739)

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 74-55-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 204.31
Formula C₁₀H₂₄N₂O₂
Color White to off-white
SMILES

CC[C@H](NCCN[C@@H](CC)CO)CO
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (4)

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Journal Impact Factor

Commun Biol

The acetyltransferase CysE modulates virulence and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by interfering with oxidative stress responses. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 6;8(1):1425. PMID: 41053365
Antimicrob Agents Chemother

Incorporation of macrophage immune stresses into an intracellular assay of drug tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 11:e0079525. PMID: 40934365
mLife

Identification of a phenyl ester covalent inhibitor of caseinolytic protease and analysis of the ClpP1P2 inhibition in mycobacteria. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 15;4(2):155-168. PMID: 40313980
ACS Chem Biol

Investigate Natural Product Indolmycin and the Synthetically Improved Analogue Toward Antimycobacterial Agents. [Abstract]

2022 Jan 21;17(1):39-53. PMID: 34908399

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : ≥ 200 mg/mL (978.90 mM)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (489.45 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

4.8945 mL

24.4726 mL

48.9452 mL

5 mM

0.9789 mL

4.8945 mL

9.7890 mL

10 mM

0.4895 mL

2.4473 mL

4.8945 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Dilution Calculator

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Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (277 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Ethambutol. Tuberculosis (Edinb), 2008. 88(2): p. 102-5. [Content Brief]

[2]. Rastogi N, et al. In vitro activities of fourteen antimicrobial agents against drug susceptible and resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and comparative intracellular activities against the virulent H37Rv strain in human macrophages. Curr Microbiol, 1996. 33(3): p. 167-75. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kaur D, et al. Khuller, In vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo activities of ethambutol and sparfloxacin alone and in combination against mycobacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2001. 17(1): p. 51-5. [Content Brief]

[4]. Kang L, et al. Total glucosides of herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) flower attenuate adenine- and ethambutol-induced hyperuricaemia in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Oct 28;261:113054. [Content Brief]

[5]. Pham AQ, et al. Pyrazinamide-induced hyperuricemia. P T. 2014 Oct;39(10):695-715. [Content Brief]

[6]. Nusanti S, et al. The Effect of Citicoline on Ethambutol Optic Neuropathy: Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Retina Ganglion Cell Damage Level in Rat Model. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Oct;38(8):584-589. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO / H₂O	1 mM	4.8945 mL	24.4726 mL	48.9452 mL	122.3631 mL
	5 mM	0.9789 mL	4.8945 mL	9.7890 mL	24.4726 mL
	10 mM	0.4895 mL	2.4473 mL	4.8945 mL	12.2363 mL
	15 mM	0.3263 mL	1.6315 mL	3.2630 mL	8.1575 mL
	20 mM	0.2447 mL	1.2236 mL	2.4473 mL	6.1182 mL
	25 mM	0.1958 mL	0.9789 mL	1.9578 mL	4.8945 mL
	30 mM	0.1632 mL	0.8158 mL	1.6315 mL	4.0788 mL
	40 mM	0.1224 mL	0.6118 mL	1.2236 mL	3.0591 mL
	50 mM	0.0979 mL	0.4895 mL	0.9789 mL	2.4473 mL
	60 mM	0.0816 mL	0.4079 mL	0.8158 mL	2.0394 mL
	80 mM	0.0612 mL	0.3059 mL	0.6118 mL	1.5295 mL
	100 mM	0.0489 mL	0.2447 mL	0.4895 mL	1.2236 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Ethambutol

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ethambutol

All Antibiotic Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (4)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Ethambutol

Anti-Infection Compound Library

FDA-Approved Drug Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library

Antibacterial Compound Library

Orally Active Compound Library

FDA Approved & Pharmacopeial Drug Library

Antibiotics Library

Animal Disease Model Inducer Library

Rare Diseases Drug Library

Pediatric Drug Library

Human Metabolite Library

Anti-Pulmonary Fibrosis Compound Library

Off-patent Drug Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library Plus

FDA-Approved Drug Library Plus

FDA-Approved Drug Library Mini

Bioactive Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Ethambutol

All Antibiotic Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (4)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Ethambutol Related Classifications

HY-B0535 Related Classifications