In vitro antitumor properties of a novel cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, P276-00

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) and their associated pathways represent some of the most attractive targets for the development of Anticancer therapeutics. Based on antitumor activity in animal models, a variety of CDK inhibitors are undergoing clinical evaluation either as a single agent or in combination with other approved drugs. In our Anticancer drug discovery program, a novel series of Flavones have been synthesized for evaluation against the activity of Cdk4-D1. This Enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein, thus inhibiting its function. We have identified a series of potent Cdk4-D1 inhibitors with IC(50) below 250 nmol/L. In this report, we have described the properties of one of the best compound, P276-00 of the flavone's series. P276-00 shows 40-fold selectivity toward Cdk4-D1, compared with Cdk2-E. The specificity toward 14 other related and unrelated kinases was also determined. P276-00 was found to be more selective with IC(50)s <100 nmol/L for Cdk4-D1, Cdk1-B, and Cdk9-T1, as compared with other Cdks, and less selective for non-Cdk kinases. It showed potent antiproliferative effects against various human Cancer cell lines, with an IC(50) ranging from 300 to 800 nmol/L and was further compared for its antiproliferative activity against Cancer and normal fibroblast cell lines. P276-00 was found to be highly selective for Cancer cells as compared with normal fibroblast cells. To delineate its mechanism of action, the effect of P276-00 on cell cycle proteins was studied in human breast Cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human non-small cell lung carcinoma (H-460). A significant down-regulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and a decrease in Cdk4-specific pRb Ser(780) phosphorylation was observed. P276-00 produced potent inhibition of Cdk4-D1 activity that was found to be competitive with ATP and not with retinoblastoma protein. The compound also induced Apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells, as evidenced by the induction of Caspase-3 and DNA ladder studies. These data suggest that P276-00 has the potential to be developed as an anti-Cdk chemotherapeutic agent.