1. Academic Validation
  2. Alzheimer's disease mutations in APP but not γ-secretase modulators affect epsilon-cleavage-dependent AICD production

Alzheimer's disease mutations in APP but not γ-secretase modulators affect epsilon-cleavage-dependent AICD production

  • Nat Commun. 2013;4:2246. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3246.
Mitko Dimitrov 1 Jean-René Alattia Thomas Lemmin Rajwinder Lehal Andrzej Fligier Jemila Houacine Ishrut Hussain Freddy Radtke Matteo Dal Peraro Dirk Beher Patrick C Fraering
Affiliations

Affiliation

  • 1 Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Abstract

Pathological amino-acid substitutions in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and chemical γ-secretase modulators affect the processing of APP by the γ-secretase complex and the production of the amyloid-beta peptide Aβ42, the accumulation of which is considered causative of Alzheimer's disease. Here we demonstrate that mutations in the transmembrane domain of APP causing aggressive early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease affect both γ- and ε-cleavage sites, by raising the Aβ42/40 ratio and inhibiting the production of AICD50-99, one of the two physiological APP intracellular domains (ICDs). This is in sharp contrast to γ-secretase modulators, which shift Aβ42 production towards the shorter Aβ38, but unequivocally spare the ε-site and APP- and Notch-ICDs production. Molecular simulations suggest that familial Alzheimer's disease mutations modulate the flexibility of the APP transmembrane domain and the presentation of its γ-site, modifying at the same time, the solvation of the ε-site.

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