2. Academic Validation
  3. SIRT4 is an early regulator of branched-chain amino acid catabolism that promotes adipogenesis

SIRT4 is an early regulator of branched-chain amino acid catabolism that promotes adipogenesis

  • Cell Rep. 2021 Jul 13;36(2):109345. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109345.
Elma Zaganjor 1,  Haejin Yoon 2,  Jessica B Spinelli 2,  Elizabeth R Nunn 3,  Gaëlle Laurent 2,  Paulina Keskinidis 2,  Suganja Sivaloganathan 2,  Shakchhi Joshi 2,  Giulia Notarangelo 2,  Stacy Mulei 2,  Mathew T Chvasta 3,  Sarah A Tucker 2,  Krystle Kalafut 2,  Robert A H van de Ven 2,  Clary B Clish 4,  Marcia C Haigis 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • 2 Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
  • 3 Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
  • 4 Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
  • 5 Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 34260923 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109345
Abstract

Upon nutrient stimulation, pre-adipocytes undergo differentiation to transform into mature adipocytes capable of storing nutrients as fat. We profiled cellular metabolite consumption to identify early metabolic drivers of adipocyte differentiation. We find that adipocyte differentiation raises the uptake and consumption of numerous Amino acids. In particular, branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism precedes and promotes Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ), a key regulator of adipogenesis. In early adipogenesis, the mitochondrial Sirtuin SIRT4 elevates BCAA catabolism through the activation of methylcrotonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase (MCCC). MCCC supports leucine oxidation by catalyzing the carboxylation of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA to 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA. Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) expression is decreased in adipose tissue of numerous diabetic mouse models, and its expression is most correlated with BCAA Enzymes, suggesting a potential role for SIRT4 in adipose pathology through the alteration of BCAA metabolism. In summary, this work provides a temporal analysis of adipocyte differentiation and uncovers early metabolic events that stimulate transcriptional reprogramming.

Keywords

BCAA catabolism; MCCC; PPARg; SIRT4; adipogenesis; amino acids; differentiation; sirtuin.

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