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  2. De novo Lipogenesis in Astrocytes Promotes the Repair of Blood-Brain Barrier after Transient Cerebral Ischemia Through Interleukin-33

De novo Lipogenesis in Astrocytes Promotes the Repair of Blood-Brain Barrier after Transient Cerebral Ischemia Through Interleukin-33

  • Neuroscience. 2022 Jan 15;481:85-98. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.11.026.
Haidong Wei 1 Luming Zhen 1 Shiquan Wang 2 Yuanyuan Zhang 1 Kui Wang 1 Pengyu Jia 1 Yan Zhang 1 Zhixin Wu 2 Qianzi Yang 2 Wugang Hou 2 Jianrui Lv 1 Pengbo Zhang 3
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
  • 2 Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
  • 3 Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
Abstract

Astrocytes experience significant metabolic shifts in the "sensitive period" of neurological function recovery following cerebral ischemia. However, the changes in astrocyte lipid metabolism and their implications for neurological recovery remain unknown. In the present study, we employed a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model to investigate the changes in de novo lipogenesis and interleukin-33 (IL-33) production in astrocytes and elucidate their role in blood-brain barrier (BBB) repair in the subacute phase of cerebral ischemia. Neurological behavior evaluation was used to assess functional changes in mice. Pharmacological inhibition and astrocyte-specific downregulation of fatty acid synthase (FASN) were used to evaluate the role of de novo lipogenesis in brain injury. Intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant IL-33 was performed to study the contribution of IL-33 to BBB disruption. Extravasation of Evans blue dye, dextran and IgG were used to assess BBB integrity. Western blotting of tight junction proteins ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 were performed at defined time points to evaluate changes in BBB. It was found that de novo lipogenesis was activated, and IL-33 production increased in astrocytes at the subacute stage of cerebral ischemia injury. Inhibition of lipogenesis in astrocytes decreased IL-33 production in the peri-infarct area, deteriorated BBB damage and interfered with neurological recovery. In addition, supplementation of IL-33 alleviated BBB destruction and improved neurological recovery worsened by lipogenesis inhibition. These findings indicate that astrocyte lipogenesis increases the production of IL-33 in the peri-infarct area, which promotes BBB repair in the subacute phase of cerebral ischemia injury and improves long-term functional recovery.

Keywords

brain repair; fatty acid synthase; ischemic stroke; neurological recovery.

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